Neuronal Vacuolization in Feline Panleukopenia Virus Infection

Pfankuche, Vanessa Maria; Jo, Wendy K; Vries, Erhard van der; Jungwirth, Nicole; Lorenzen, Stephan; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.; Baumgärtner, Wolfgang; Puff, Christina

doi:10.1177/0300985817738096

Cited by 15 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Interestingly, our results showed no pathological changes suggesting cerebellar hypoplasia in 20 affected cats and dogs, implying that CPPV-1 infection in the brains of cats and dogs might be associated with CNS diseases other than cerebellar hypoplasia. These results support the findings of previous studies that reported CNS manifestation of CPPV-1 in cats and dogs associated with an outcome of neurodegeneration and leukoencephalopathy ( 7 , 8 ). The mechanism that serves the infection of CPPV-1 outside the Purkinje layer of the cerebellum has yet to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Molecular and Pathological Investigations of Selected Viral Neuropathogens in Rabies-Negative Brains of Cats and Dogs Revealed Neurotropism of Carnivore Protoparvovirus-1

et al. 2021

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Throughout the year, the Thai Red Cross Society (TRCS), Bangkok, Thailand, received more than 100 animals that died of suspected rabies due to neurological clinical signs. Concerning the role of viral infection in the brain in the outcome of neurological diseases in cats and dogs, a comprehensive study was conducted of 107 brain samples of cats and dogs submitted to the TRCS from August 2019 to August 2020. Selective molecular screening using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription PCR targeting nine viral pathogens was employed in addition to histopathological investigations. The results showed that carnivore protoparvovirus-1 (CPPV-1) was detected in 18.69% of the cats and dogs sampled (20/107). These results were found in young and old animals; the brain tissue did not show any pathological changes suggesting encephalitis or cerebellar hypoplasia. In addition, feline calicivirus, feline alphaherpesvirus-1, feline coronavirus, and canine distemper virus were also detected, providing a broader range of potential viral infections to consider in the clinical manifestation of neurological disorders in companion animals. The detection of all pathogens was confirmed by the localization of each viral antigen in various resident brain cells using immunohistochemistry. A unique L582S amino acid substitution of the non-structural protein 1 gene coding sequence, speculated to be associated with the neurotropism of CPPV-1 in cats and dogs, was not evident. In conclusion, this study revealed a noteworthy neurotropism of CPPV-1 in both cats and dogs without neurological lesions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Molecular and Pathological Investigations of Selected Viral Neuropathogens in Rabies-Negative Brains of Cats and Dogs Revealed Neurotropism of Carnivore Protoparvovirus-1

et al. 2021

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“…In utero parvovirus infection is one of the first suspicions in young cats with diffuse and symmetrical cerebellar signs and MRI findings characterised by cerebellar volume reduction, similar to one of the cats in this report, but no spinal involvement has been described and signs are typically non‐progressive 1 27–30…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Clinical and MRI findings in two unrelated cats with globoid cell leucodystrophy

Colverde¹,

Gagliardo

Falzone³

et al. 2020

Vet Record Case Reports

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Two unrelated male cats, both five months old, were referred for progressive neurological signs characterised by intentional tremors, paraplegia with absence of nociception in the pelvic limbs, weakness, dysmetria with reduced flexor reflex in the thoracic limbs, and bilaterally reduced menace response. MRI, performed by a 0.25 T Esaote Vet Grande, showed diffuse and irregular intramedullary T2 weighted hyperintensity between T3 and L3; these lesions were isointense on T1 weighted images without contrast uptake. In one patient MRI of the brain was obtained and mild cerebellar volume reduction was found. Histological examination of the brain and spinal cord demonstrated myelin loss and perivascular accumulation of periodic acid-Schiff-positive big macrophages. These findings were consistent with globoid cell leucodystrophy, as previously described in cats. Although not specific, in young cats with progressive spinal neurological signs, especially when associated with cerebellar signs, and irregular but diffuse T2 intramedullary hyperintensity and T1 isointensity without contrast uptake, globoid cell leucodystrophy should be suspected.

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“…Most of the viruses belonging to the Parvoviridae family replicate in mitotically active cells such as intestinal crypt epithelial cells; however, recent studies demonstrated the presence of parvoviruses in typically nonmitotic cells such as neurons. 11,34,36 Furthermore, the pathogenesis of bocaviruses with respect to tissue tropism and replication is not well documented. In this way, the CBoV-2 infection in these puppies resembled that of CBoV-1, which shows viral inclusion bodies in enterocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Bocavirus Type 2 Infection Associated With Intestinal Lesions

Piewbang

Puff

et al. 2018

Vet Pathol

Self Cite

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Bocaviruses are small nonenveloped DNA viruses belonging to the Bocaparvovirus genus of the Parvoviridae family and have been linked to both respiratory and enteric disease in humans and animals. To date, 3 bocaviruses, canine bocaviruses 1 to 3 (CBoV-1-3), have been shown to affect dogs with different disease manifestations reported for infected animals. We used next-generation sequencing to identify a novel strain of canine CBoV-2 (CBoV TH-2016) in a litter of puppies that died in Thailand from acute dyspnea and hemoptysis, for which no causal pathogen could be identified in routine assays. Analysis of the complete coding sequences of CBoV TH-2016 showed that this virus was most closely related to a strain previously identified in South Korea (isolate 14D193), with evidence of genetic recombination in the VP2 gene with related strains from South Korea and Hong Kong. Use of quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed the presence of CBoV TH-2016 in several tissues, suggesting hematogenous virus spread, while only intestinal tissue was found to be positive by in situ hybridization and electron microscopy. Histologic small intestinal lesions associated with CBoV TH-2016 infection were eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies within villous enterocytes without villous atrophy or fusion, similar to those previously considered pathognomonic for CBoV-1 infection. Therefore, this study provides novel insights in the pathogenicity of canine bocavirus infections and suggests that a novel recombinant CBoV-2 may result in atypical findings of CBoV infection. Although the specific cause of death of these puppies remained undetermined, a contributory role of enteric CBoV TH-2016 infection is possible.

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Neuronal Vacuolization in Feline Panleukopenia Virus Infection

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Molecular and Pathological Investigations of Selected Viral Neuropathogens in Rabies-Negative Brains of Cats and Dogs Revealed Neurotropism of Carnivore Protoparvovirus-1

Molecular and Pathological Investigations of Selected Viral Neuropathogens in Rabies-Negative Brains of Cats and Dogs Revealed Neurotropism of Carnivore Protoparvovirus-1

Clinical and MRI findings in two unrelated cats with globoid cell leucodystrophy

Canine Bocavirus Type 2 Infection Associated With Intestinal Lesions

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