Neuronal spoken word recognition: The time course of processing variation in the speech signal

Schild, Ulrike; Röder, Brigitte; Friedrich, Claudia K.

doi:10.1080/01690965.2010.503532

Cited by 13 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The left-lateralization of ERP phoneme priming replicates previous results obtained with unimodal auditory word onset priming (Friedrich et al, 2009; Schild et al, 2012) and cross-modal word onset priming (Friedrich et al, 2004, 2008; Friedrich, 2005). Bilateral stress priming replicates a previous result obtained with cross-modal auditory-visual word onset priming (Friedrich et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Processing of syllable stress is functionally different from phoneme processing and does not profit from literacy acquisition

2014

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Speech is characterized by phonemes and prosody. Neurocognitive evidence supports the separate processing of each type of information. Therefore, one might suggest individual development of both pathways. In this study, we examine literacy acquisition in middle childhood. Children become aware of the phonemes in speech at that time and refine phoneme processing when they acquire an alphabetic writing system. We test whether an enhanced sensitivity to phonemes in middle childhood extends to other aspects of the speech signal, such as prosody. To investigate prosodic processing, we used stress priming. Spoken stressed and unstressed syllables (primes) preceded spoken German words with stress on the first syllable (targets). We orthogonally varied stress overlap and phoneme overlap between the primes and onsets of the targets. Lexical decisions and Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) for the targets were obtained for pre-reading preschoolers, reading pupils and adults. The behavioral and ERP results were largely comparable across all groups. The fastest responses were observed when the first syllable of the target word shared stress and phonemes with the preceding prime. ERP stress priming and ERP phoneme priming started 200 ms after the target word onset. Bilateral ERP stress priming was characterized by enhanced ERP amplitudes for stress overlap. Left-lateralized ERP phoneme priming replicates previously observed reduced ERP amplitudes for phoneme overlap. Groups differed in the strength of the behavioral phoneme priming and in the late ERP phoneme priming effect. The present results show that enhanced phonological processing in middle childhood is restricted to phonemes and does not extend to prosody. These results are indicative of two parallel processing systems for phonemes and prosody that might follow different developmental trajectories in middle childhood as a function of alphabetic literacy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Processing of syllable stress is functionally different from phoneme processing and does not profit from literacy acquisition

2014

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“…Comparable to our former research using word onset priming, we found a central negativity with a somewhat later start and a somewhat different sensitivity to the experimental manipulation as compared to the P350 (e.g., Friedrich et al, 2004, 2008; Friedrich, 2005; Schild et al, 2012). Again, topography and latency of the central negativity parallel the phonological N400 effect (Praamstra et al, 1994) and the phonological mapping negativity (Connolly and Phillips, 1994; for review see Steinhauer and Connolly, 2009).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…Thus it might appear from the present results that target words that mismatch their preceding disyllabic word onsets a phoneme are excluded from predictive phonological mechanisms. Previously, we obtained reduced amplitudes of the central negativity in relation to a control condition when monosyllabic primes diverged from their targets in initial place of articulation ( dren—Grenze , Friedrich et al, 2008; Schild et al, 2012), or in the nucleus ( kan—Konto “account”). Together the results might indicate enhanced competition between fewer alternatives remaining for disyllabic word onset primes (present study) compared to monosyllabic word onset primes (previous studies).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Cohort neighbors elicited mean amplitudes in-between the carrier word condition and the unrelated condition. Formerly, we related the P350 effect in this earlier time window to fine-grained lexical activation (e.g., Friedrich et al, 2004, 2008; Friedrich, 2005; Schild et al, 2012). Secondly, the left anterior effect extended into the following time window between 400 and 600 ms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two ERP deflections observed in auditory-visual word onset priming have been related to different aspects of target word processing (Friedrich et al, 2004, 2008; Friedrich, 2005; Schild et al, 2012). Amplitudes of a left-frontal effect between 300 and 400 ms with a maximum at approximately 350 ms, the P350, vary as a function of the goodness-of-fit between the prime fragments and the target words.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activation of words with phonological overlap

Friedrich¹,

Felder²,

Lahiri³

et al. 2013

Front. Psychol.

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Multiple lexical representations overlapping with the input (cohort neighbors) are temporarily activated in the listener's mental lexicon when speech unfolds in time. Activation for cohort neighbors appears to rapidly decline as soon as there is mismatch with the input. However, it is a matter of debate whether or not they are completely excluded from further processing. We recorded behavioral data and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in auditory-visual word onset priming during a lexical decision task. As primes we used the first two syllables of spoken German words. In a carrier word condition, the primes were extracted from spoken versions of the target words (ano-ANORAK "anorak"). In a cohort neighbor condition, the primes were taken from words that overlap with the target word up to the second nucleus (ana-taken from ANANAS "pineapple"). Relative to a control condition, where primes and targets were unrelated, lexical decision responses for cohort neighbors were delayed. This reveals that cohort neighbors are disfavored by the decision processes at the behavioral front end. In contrast, left-anterior ERPs reflected long-lasting facilitated processing of cohort neighbors. We interpret these results as evidence for extended parallel processing of cohort neighbors. That is, in parallel to the preparation and elicitation of delayed lexical decision responses to cohort neighbors, aspects of the processing system appear to keep track of those less efficient word candidates. Keywords: spoken word recognition, word onset priming, ERPs INTRODUCTIONCurrent theories of speech perception assume that incoming acoustic information activates a set of word candidates or a cohort of words in the mental lexicon that overlap with this input (c.f. McClelland and Elman, 1986;Zwitserlood, 1989;Norris, 1994;Gaskell and Marslen-Wilson, 1997;Norris and McQueen, 2008). If speech was always clear-cut and intelligible and if the phonological parser aimed at processing speech as parsimoniously as possible, it would be ideal to activate only those cohort neighbors that match the acoustic input in all features and remove items from the set of activated word candidates as soon as any mismatching information is available. However, in real life the speech signal is often noisy and degraded and there is high variability within and between talkers. This will often hinder a clear-cut decision for or against a proper lexical candidate. Here we propose that this dilemma might be approached by a twofold recognition strategy. Some processing components of the speech recognition system might handle partially mismatching lexical candidates, while others might more effectively rule out co-activated alternatives in order to end up with a single percept.Classical models of spoken word recognition differently handle co-activated lexical entries. Connectionist models, such as TRACE (McClelland and Elman, 1986) and Shortlist (Norris, 1994) incorporate inhibitory connections between lexical representations. Activated candidates inhibit each other as...

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Phonemic feature involvement in lexical access in grades 3 and 5: Evidence from visual and auditory lexical decision tasks

2018

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Neuronal spoken word recognition: The time course of processing variation in the speech signal

Cited by 13 publications

References 58 publications

Processing of syllable stress is functionally different from phoneme processing and does not profit from literacy acquisition

Processing of syllable stress is functionally different from phoneme processing and does not profit from literacy acquisition

Activation of words with phonological overlap

Phonemic feature involvement in lexical access in grades 3 and 5: Evidence from visual and auditory lexical decision tasks

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