Neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition accelerated the removal of fluoxetine’s anxiogenic activity in an animal model of PTSD

Sadeghi, Maryam; Hemmati, Sara; Yousefi‐Manesh, Hasan; Fekrvand, Saba; Foroutani, Laleh; Nassireslami, Ehsan; Zoshk, Mojtaba Yousefi; Hosseini, Yasaman; Dehpour, Ahmad Reza; Chamanara, Mohsen

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114128

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…It is important to note that chronic stress in PTSD can lead to depression. PTSD and depression often show common biological links related to sensitization of the central nervous system [ 23 , 25 ]. This affects such centers as the amygdala, the anterior cingulate cortex and the periaqueductal gray matter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, PTSD-affected individuals often experience anxiety attacks and are emotionally unstable. As a result of strong experiences, there is also a risk of suicide in the moment of such an attack [ 23 , 25 ]. Therefore, people with PTSD, especially those who belong to the PTSD-SR group, should have easier access to psychological and psychiatric assistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the 5-HT receptors are located on neurons that are not serotonergically innervated. This shows that in the hippocampus, as in other areas of the brain, 5-HT is diffusely released through volume transmission and serves as a neuromodulator to maintain homeostasis in the brain [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This inhibits the CNS to dampen emotional reactions to later stressors. Serotonin depletion may also trigger hyperarousal observed in PTSD, including hypervigilance, impulsivity and irritability [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in the Serum Concentration Levels of Serotonin, Tryptophan and Cortisol among Stress-Resilient and Stress-Susceptible Individuals after Experiencing Traumatic Stress

Ogłodek

2022

IJERPH

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Background: Stress is a common response to many environmental adversities. However, once dysregulated, this reaction can lead to psychiatric illnesses, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Individuals can develop PTSD after exposure to traumatic events, severely affecting their quality of life. Nevertheless, not all individuals exposed to stress will develop psychiatric disorders, provided they show enhanced stress-resilience mechanisms that enable them to successfully adapt to stressful situations and thus avoid developing a persistent psychopathology. Methods: The study involved 93 participants. Of them, 62 comprised a study group and 31 comprised a control group. The aim of the study was to assess serotonin, cortisol and tryptophan concentration levels in subjects with PTSD (stress-susceptible; PTSD-SS) and in healthy individuals (stress-resilient; PTSD-SR), who had experienced a traumatic event but fully recovered after the trauma. The subjects were between 18 and 50 years of age (mean 35.56 ± 8.26 years). The serum concentration levels of serotonin, cortisol and tryptophan were measured with an ELISA kit. Results: It was found that the serotonin, tryptophan and cortisol concentration levels were consistent with the features of both PTSD-SR and PTSD-SS patients. It was reported that the mean cortisol concentration levels increased more significantly in the PTSD-SS group than in the PTSD-SR group, versus those in the control group. Similarly, the PTSD-SS group was found to show a larger decrease in the mean serotonin concentration levels than the PTSD-SR group, versus those in the control group. No significant changes were found in the tryptophan concentration levels between the study groups, versus those in the control group. Conclusions: These findings can be useful when attempting to improve resilience in individuals using neuropharmacological methods. However, it is necessary to conduct more cross-sectional studies that would address different types of negative stress to find out whether they share common pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in the Serum Concentration Levels of Serotonin, Tryptophan and Cortisol among Stress-Resilient and Stress-Susceptible Individuals after Experiencing Traumatic Stress

Ogłodek

2022

IJERPH

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“…The time spent in each arm, including the open and closed arms, and the number of entries into each arm were recorded. An arm entry was defined as placing all four paws into an arm ( Sadeghi et al, 2023 ). In addition, the anxiety index was calculated as follows: Anxiety Index = 1 − ([Open arm time/Test duration] + [Open arms entries/Total number of entries]/2) ( Moreno-Martínez et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Umbelliprenin via increase in the MECP2 and attenuation of oxidative stress mitigates the autistic-like behaviors in mouse model of maternal separation stress

Karimi,

Ghahfarroki,

Lorigooini

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition. Maternal separation (MS) stress is an early-life stress factor associated with behaviors resembling Autism. Both MECP2 and oxidative stress are implicated in the pathophysiology of Autism. Umbelliprenin (UMB) is a coumarin compound with various pharmacological properties. Our study aimed to investigate the potential effects of UMB in mitigating autistic-like behaviors in a mouse model subjected to MS stress, focusing on probable alterations in MECP2 gene expression in the hippocampus.Methods: MS paradigm was performed, and mice were treated with saline or UMB. Behavioral tests consisting of the three-chamber test (evaluating social interaction), shuttle box (assessing passive avoidance memory), elevated plus-maze (measuring anxiety-like behaviors), and marble-burying test (evaluating repetitive behaviors) were conducted. Gene expression of MECP2 and measurements of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitrite level, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were assessed in the hippocampus.Results: The findings demonstrated that MS-induced behaviors resembling Autism, accompanied by decreased MECP2 gene expression, elevated nitrite, MDA levels, and reduced TAC in the hippocampus. UMB mitigated these autistic-like behaviors induced by MS and attenuated the adverse effects of MS on oxidative stress and MECP2 gene expression in the hippocampus.Conclusion: In conclusion, UMB likely attenuated autistic-like behaviors caused by MS stress, probably, through the reduction of oxidative stress and an increase in MECP2 gene expression.

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Psychopharmacological interaction of alcohol and posttraumatic stress disorder: Effective action of naringin

Ben-Azu,

Oritsemuelebi,

Oghorodi

et al. 2024

European Journal of Pharmacology

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Neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition accelerated the removal of fluoxetine’s anxiogenic activity in an animal model of PTSD

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Changes in the Serum Concentration Levels of Serotonin, Tryptophan and Cortisol among Stress-Resilient and Stress-Susceptible Individuals after Experiencing Traumatic Stress

Changes in the Serum Concentration Levels of Serotonin, Tryptophan and Cortisol among Stress-Resilient and Stress-Susceptible Individuals after Experiencing Traumatic Stress

Umbelliprenin via increase in the MECP2 and attenuation of oxidative stress mitigates the autistic-like behaviors in mouse model of maternal separation stress

Psychopharmacological interaction of alcohol and posttraumatic stress disorder: Effective action of naringin

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