Neuronal nitric oxide synthase and splanchnic blood flow in anaesthetized rats

Jansson, Leif; Carlsson, Per‐Ola; Bodin, Birgitta; Andersson, Arne; Källskog, Örjan

doi:10.1111/j.1365-201x.2004.01396.x

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Our findings are very similar to those seen in isolated renal glomeruli from alloxan-diabetic mice [2]. The fact that C-peptide lacked effects in arterioles from normoglycaemic mice is consistent with previous in vivo studies [3], and might be explained by a residual effect of C-peptide in these vessels. Even though the arteriolar diameter did not significantly differ between hyperglycaemic and normoglycaemic animals, there was a trend towards the presence of wider arterioles in the former mice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The importance of the islet hormones for the regulation of islet blood perfusion seems to be minor [1,2]. Recently C-peptide, which is released in equimolar amounts to insulin, has been suggested to have several biological effects, including effects on the endothelium [3], however this issue is debated [4]. Nevertheless, C-peptide has been demonstrated to affect blood flow in several organs including skeletal muscle, skin, endoneurium, and heart muscle [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recently C-peptide, which is released in equimolar amounts to insulin, has been suggested to have several biological effects, including effects on the endothelium [3], however this issue is debated [4]. Nevertheless, C-peptide has been demonstrated to affect blood flow in several organs including skeletal muscle, skin, endoneurium, and heart muscle [3]. We therefore deemed it of interest to evaluate if C-peptide could directly affect islet arterioles, and thereby help adapt islet blood perfusion to local insulin release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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C‐peptide constricts pancreatic islet arterioles in diabetic, but not normoglycaemic mice

Nordquist

Lai

Sjöquist

et al. 2008

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

C‐peptide constricts pancreatic islet arterioles in diabetic, but not normoglycaemic mice

Nordquist

Lai

Sjöquist

et al. 2008

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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“…Hexamethonium also produced a strong increase of islet blood perfusion in normothermia in contrast to our previous results in other rat strains (21). This may, at least partially, reflect the use of different rat strains.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Moderate hypothermia induces a preferential increase in pancreatic islet blood flow in anesthetized rats

Hultström

Jansson

Bodin

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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The aim of the study was to characterize the effects of induced moderate hypothermia on splanchnic blood flow, with particular reference to that of the pancreas and the islets of Langerhans. We also investigated how interference with the autonomic nervous system at different levels influenced the blood perfusion during hypothermia. For this purpose, hypothermia (body temperature of 28 degrees C) was induced by external cooling, whereas normothermic (37.5 degrees C) anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats were used as controls. Some rats were pretreated with either propranolol, yohimbine, atropine, hexamethonium, or a bilateral abdominal vagotomy. Our findings suggest that moderate hypothermia elicits complex, organ-specific circulatory changes, with increased perfusion noted in the pylorus, as well as the whole pancreas and the pancreatic islets. The pancreatic islets maintain their high blood perfusion through mechanisms involving both sympathetic and parasympathetic mediators, whereas the increased pyloric blood flow is mediated through parasympathetic mechanisms. Renal blood flow was decreased, and this can be prevented by ganglionic blockade and is also influenced by beta-adrenoceptors.

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“…They concluded that increasing catecholamine through the effect of GLP-1 on the central nervous system, which activates catecholamine neurons, might produce the symptoms of early dumping syndrome [23]. GLP-1 might confound postprandial hypotension and tachycardia by enhancing insulin-mediated vasodilatation through an increase in nitric oxide production [24,25]. Moreover, recent studies of a long-acting GLP-1 derivative administered to healthy subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes showed a higher incidence of adverse events (notably headache, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting) after active treatment than after placebo [26,27].…”

Section: Fig 2 Continuous Glucose Monitoring (Cgm) Over 24 Hoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Octreotide improves early dumping syndrome potentially through incretins: a case report

et al. 2013

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Dumping synDrome, or rapid gastric emptying, is a serious complication that may occur after gastric surgery in approximately 5-10% of patients, although it may occur in approximately 20% after vagotomy with pyloroplasty and up to 50% after esophagectomy [1][2][3]. In spite of this level of occurrence, the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the symptoms of dumping syndrome are poorly understood. Here, we report a patient with dumping syndrome following distal gastrectomy with Billroth I reconstruction for early-stage gastric cancer. In this case, we have measured the levels of several hormones during a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (75g-OGTT), and found that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) were both inhibited by octreotide treatment. Abstract. Dumping syndrome, or rapid gastric emptying, is a frequent complication after gastric surgery. In this case, the patient was a 47-year-old woman who 10 years previously had undergone distal gastrectomy with Billroth I reconstruction for early-stage gastric cancer. She presented with symptoms of weakness, headache, palpitation, sweating, dizziness and significant fatigue between one and two hours after a meal. Because a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (75g-OGTT) induced both acute postprandial tachycardia (within 1 hour) and postprandial hypoglycemia, we diagnosed this patient with early and late dumping syndrome. Dietary measures and acarbose improved symptoms of late dumping syndrome but did not prevent the symptoms of early dumping syndrome such as postprandial tachycardia, weakness, headache, palpitation, and dizziness. We therefore used the somatostatin analogue octreotide, which has been reported as an effective therapy for early dumping syndrome. Octreotide prevented the symptoms of early dumping syndrome, especially postprandial tachycardia, but caused postprandial hyperglycemia. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) were completely suppressed during the 75g-OGTT following subcutaneous injection of octreotide. No change was observed in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), which is the gastrointestinal peptide hormone generally responsible for early dumping syndrome, suggesting possible contribution of incretins in early dumping syndrome of this patient.Key words: Dumping syndrome, GLP-1, Octreotide material and methods Laboratory analysesBlood samples were taken after an overnight fast. Plasma glucose concentrations were measured with the hexokinase G6PD UV method. Serum insulin concentrations were measured with a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Serum triglyceride concentrations were determined by Enzymatic method. Serum total cholesterol concentrations were measured by a cholesterol dehydrogenase ultraviolet method. Serum HDL cholesterol concentrations were determined by a direct method (Cholestest ® N HDL, Sekisui Medical, Japan). Hemoglobin A1c (NGSP) levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatographic assay (HPLC). Serum total GIP and...

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Neuronal nitric oxide synthase and splanchnic blood flow in anaesthetized rats

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

C‐peptide constricts pancreatic islet arterioles in diabetic, but not normoglycaemic mice

C‐peptide constricts pancreatic islet arterioles in diabetic, but not normoglycaemic mice

Moderate hypothermia induces a preferential increase in pancreatic islet blood flow in anesthetized rats

Octreotide improves early dumping syndrome potentially through incretins: a case report

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