Neuronal development in the drosophila retina: Monoclonal antibodies as molecular probes

Zipursky, S. Lawrence; Venkatesh, Tadmiri; Teplow, David B.; Benzer, Seymour

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90069-2

Cited by 423 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Besides the R7 photoreceptors, other photoreceptors also were present, as indicated by the much greater number of cells stained with the 24B10 mAb (Fig. 4F), a general photoreceptor marker (26). These signs of eye development precede the appearance of just a few Boss-expressing cells in the posterior region of the eye disk after puparium formation (Fig.…”

Section: The R8 Photoreceptors Are Missing In Scute Rescued Ommatidiamentioning

confidence: 93%

Ectopic scute induces Drosophila ommatidia development without R8 founder photoreceptors

Sun

Jan

2000

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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During development of the Drosophila peripheral nervous system, different proneural genes encoding basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors are required for different sensory organs to form. atonal (ato) is the proneural gene required for chordotonal organs and R8 photoreceptors, whereas the achaete-scute complex contains proneural genes for external sensory organs such as the macrochaetae, large sensory bristles. Whereas ectopic ato expression induces chordotonal organ formation, ectopic scute expression produces external sensory organs but not chordotonal organs in the wing. Proneural genes thus appear to specify the sensory organ type. In the ommatidium, or unit eye, R8 is the first photoreceptor to form and appears to recruit other photoreceptors and support cells. In the atonal 1 (ato 1 ) mutant, R8 photoreceptors fail to form, thereby resulting in the complete absence of ommatidia. To our surprise, we found that ectopic scute expression in the ato 1 mutant induces the formation of ommatidia, which occasionally sprout ectopic macrochaetae. Remarkably, many scute-induced ommatidia lack R8 although they contain outer photoreceptors. N eural precursors for sensory organs in Drosophila are specified by proneural genes, which are first expressed in clusters of equipotent cells, the proneural clusters, and then restricted to the cells singled out from these proneural clusters to become neural precursors (1-7). Different proneural genes, which code for transcriptional regulators with the basic helix-loop-helix motif, are required for the formation of neural precursors for different sensory organs. For example, the proneural gene atonal (ato) is required for the formation of photoreceptors (4) and chordotonal organs, which are stretch receptors or auditory sensors (3). The proneural genes in the achaete-scute complex, on the other hand, are necessary for the formation of external sensory organs, bristles that are sensitive to physical or chemical stimuli (2).The proneural genes appear to be capable of specifying the type of neural precursor they induce, even though their expression in the proneural clusters depends on positional information, which in principle may specify the type of neural precursors that emerge from these proneural clusters. For example, ectopic expression of scute results in the formation of external sensory organs exclusively (3,8,10) and cannot rescue the chordotonal organ defect in the ato 1 mutant (8). In the central nervous system, ectopic expression of achaete or scute, but not ato, can restore MP2 precursors of mutants lacking these precursors (11,12). Only ato is capable of promoting ectopic chordotonal organ formation (3,8,9); its ectopic expression can even convert external sensory organs into chordotonal organs (9). Like chordotonal organs, photoreceptors normally depend on ato for their formation (4). It is thus of interest to determine whether photoreceptors can be induced only by ectopic expression of ato.Drosophila eye morphogenesis begins at the posterior tip of the eye imagi...

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Section: The R8 Photoreceptors Are Missing In Scute Rescued Ommatidiamentioning

confidence: 93%

Ectopic scute induces Drosophila ommatidia development without R8 founder photoreceptors

Sun

Jan

2000

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The various stages of R cell differentiation and cluster formation can be visualized in a single disc by staining with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that recognize spe cific antigens in the eye disc (Zipursky et al 1984;Venkatesh et al 1985). We used neuron-specific monoclonal antibody mAb22C10 to investigate pattern formation in eye-antennal discs taken from third-instar rap mutant larvae.…”

Section: Mutation In the Rap Gene Affects Early Cell Recruitment Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…dures of Zipursky et al (1984). Briefly, eye antennal discs were dissected from third-instar larvae and fixed for 15 min in 2% formalin in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).…”

Section: Antibody Staining Of Eye Antennal Discsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal development in the Drosophila compound eye: rap gene function is required in photoreceptor cell R8 for ommatidial pattern formation.

Karpilow¹,

Kolodkin²,

Bork³

et al. 1989

Genes & Development

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In the compound eye of Drosopbila, cell-cell interactions are thought to play an important role in the determination of neuronal cell fate and pattern morphogenesis. Recent work on the bride of sevenless {boss) gene has demonstrated an inductive role for photoreceptor R8 in the differentiation of photoreceptor R7. These studies have shown that while R8 differentiates early in the scheme of ommatidial assembly, it continues to play an active role in subsequent patterning events. We describe studies on a new genetic locus rap {retina aberrant in pattern), whose functions are critical for normal pattern formation in the developing eye. Mutations in the rap gene perturb the early stages of pattern formation and lead to a variable number of photoreceptor cells (R cells) in each ommatidium. Experiments with a temperature-sensitive allele have shown that rap gene function is required during the period of development when pattern formation occurs. In addition, a somatic mosaic analysis of rap has shown that its function is required only in photoreceptor cell R8 for normal ommatidial patterning. These studies suggest an important role for rap in the initial events leading to pattern formation and are consistent with R8 playing a central role in directing ommatidial pattern formation.

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“…BarH1/BarH2 expression and nervous systems, 12-to 14-hr embryos were examined by double staining with the S 12 antibody and the neuron-specific monoclonal antibody, mAb22C10 (Fujita et al 1982;Zipursky et al 1984), which stains both the cytoplasm and membrane so that axons and dendrites can be traced easily (Fig. 3B,F).…”

Section: Cns and Pns To Find A Possible Relation Betweenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtype determination of Drosophila embryonic external sensory organs by redundant homeo box genes BarH1 and BarH2.

Higashijima

Michiue²,

Emori³

et al. 1992

Genes Dev.

102

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BarH1 and BarH2 are two closely related homeo box genes that form a small complex at the Bar locus on the X chromosome of Drosophila. By immunostaining, we showed that BarHl and BatH2 proteins are coexpressed in cells belonging to the central and peripheral nervous systems in embryos. In external sensory (es) organs, their expression was particularly apparent in thecogens (glial cells) and neurons at late development. Although deletion of BatH2 caused no appreciable morphological change in es organs, the simultaneous deletion of BatH1 and BatH2 led to a homeotic change in these organs with consequent conversion from campaniform-like sensilla to trichoid sensilla. In contrast, the overexpression of either BatH1 or BarH2 resulted in opposite morphological change. It would thus follow that BarH1 and BarH2 are a pair of redundant homeo box genes required for the subtype specification of es organs.

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Neuronal development in the drosophila retina: Monoclonal antibodies as molecular probes

Cited by 423 publications

References 35 publications

Ectopic scute induces Drosophila ommatidia development without R8 founder photoreceptors

Ectopic scute induces Drosophila ommatidia development without R8 founder photoreceptors

Neuronal development in the Drosophila compound eye: rap gene function is required in photoreceptor cell R8 for ommatidial pattern formation.

Subtype determination of Drosophila embryonic external sensory organs by redundant homeo box genes BarH1 and BarH2.

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