Neuronal death after peripheral nerve injury and experimental strategies for neuroprotection

Abstract

The future of peripheral nerve repair lies in modulating neurobiology at the time of injury, repair and during regeneration. Neuroprotection may be an essential component of that therapeutic package.

Response properties of whisker-associated primary afferent neurons following infraorbital nerve transection with microsurgical repair in adult rats

“…Following nerve crush in adult rats, regenerating whisker afferents are first observed within the whisker follicle at 2 wk, but this reinnervation is delayed by several more weeks with nerve transection without repair (Renehan and Munger 1986). These findings suggest that the surgical procedures for repair used in the present study facilitate more rapid recovery of peripheral nerve function, although available evidence indicates that to be effective, such repair must be performed soon after the injury (Faroni et al 2015;Hart et al 2008). …”

Stimulating the Neurotrophic and Angiogenic Properties of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Enhances Nerve Repair

“…This suggests that the stem cells might enhance motor neuron regeneration to a greater extent than sensory neurons. A number of studies have shown that peripheral nerve axotomy leads to DRG sensory neuron cell death [58,59]. In this study, we found that using stimulated human ASC, we were able to reduce the expression levels of caspase-3, an important mediator of apoptosis, suggesting that cell transplantation could provide a neuroprotective effect in addition to boosting regeneration.…”

Spinal Cord- A Cadaveric Study

“…Unlike peripheral nerves, cauda equina nerve roots lack perineurium to hold the injured end together during attempts were made to suture it. 4 The epidural anaesthesia is given to the space around the dura and vertebral canal at a desired site in such a way that the anaesthetic fluid diffuses through the dural sheath and the nerve gets anaesthetised. The diameter invest the cauda equina as a sac-like structure and loosely invest the structures and subarachnoid space is ballooned out to form lumbar cistern.…”