Neuron-like Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells From Infant Piglets in Vitro

Abstract

Background/Objective: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that can be extracted from adipose tissue and obtained by a less invasive method and in larger quantities compared with bone marrow-derived MSCs. The objective of this study was to harvest ADSCs from piglets and to explore their neuronal differentiation potential. Methods: Adipose tissue from piglet facial or abdominal fat was digested with collagenase type XI, followed by filter and centrifugation; the isolated adipose stromal cells were cultured in dishes. MSC markers were measured by flow cytometry; 2 to 5 passage cells were used for in vitro differentiation. Adipogenic, chondrogenic, osteogenic, and neuronal differentiation was induced by incubation of the ADSCs with different induction media. Results: ADSCs were easily expanded to beyond 15 passages, maintaining the undifferentiated state and exhibiting MSC characteristics and markers CD29, CD44, and CD90. ADSCs differentiated into other mesodermal cells including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes. These cells were induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells as evidenced by neuronal morphology and the presence of neuronal markers including microtubule-associated protein 2, neuronal nuclear antigen, and b-tubulin III. Conclusions: ADSCs can be readily obtained from a small amount fat tissue and expanded in culture. Adipose tissue may be an alternative source of stem cell therapy for nervous system injury.

Multipotent Stromal Cells for Autologous Cell Therapy Approaches in the Guinea Pig Model

“…10 Adipogenic differentiation was induced by DMEM supplemented with 10 ng/ml insulin and 10 -7 M dexamethasone according to the protocol of Huang et al [14] , and cells were cultured in adipogenic medium for 3 weeks. The medium was replaced every 2-3 days.…”

“…Their capacity to differentiate into various cell types including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and myocytes has been shown repeatedly [1,4,[9][10][11][12][13] . Neuronal differentiation could also be induced, making adipose tissue an alternative source for stem cell therapy in nervous system injuries [14] .…”

Differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from human dental tissues into non-mesodermal lineage

“…Moreover, the expression level of NESTIN transcripts was also at a high level than those of both NSE and MAP-2. Previous several reports have also shown that MSCs derived from porcine and human bone marrow, umbilical cord and adipose tissues possess their ability to form neuron-like cells (Huang et al 2007;Kumar et al 2012;Jadalannagari & Aljitawi 2014;Liu et al 2015). Recently, MSCs derived from human dental papilla tissues showed to be differentiated into neuronal cells (Gervois et al 2015).…”

Recent advances in the understanding of how neuropeptide Y andα-melanocyte stimulating hormone function in adipose physiology

“…19 Although accepted as being of mesenchymal origin, adipose cells are also derived from areas outside of the mesoderm such as the neural crest (NC). 20,21 Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into a multitude of different cell types, including adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and myoblasts [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] as well as neuron-like cells, [29][30][31] with considerable transcriptional regulation by a diverse array of factors to determine the route of differentiation. Adipogenesis encompasses the many steps of differentiation; from a stem cell being determined to become a preadipocyte to the preadipocyte during the early (clonal expansion) and late (terminal) stages of differentiating into the fully mature adipocyte.…”