Neuron density in the hippocampus in rat strains with contrasting nervous system excitability after prolonged emotional-pain stress

Shiryaeva, N. V.; Vshivtseva, V. V.; Mal’tsev, N. A.; Sukhorukov, Vasily N.; Vaido, A. I.

doi:10.1007/s11055-008-0049-4

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Microinjections of a low dose of propranolol in the dorsal hippocampus induce different changes in c‐Fos expressions in hippocampal subregions via their internal neural pathways. In addition, based on the results from animal studies, stress‐related hippocampal damage primarily occurs in certain subfields (Duan, Kang, Liu, Ming, & Song, ; Shiryaeva, Vshivtseva, Mal’ Tsev, Sukhorukov, & Vaido, ). Specifically, we think the early use of low‐dose propranolol may selectively affect certain subfields, such as the CA1 and the DG, while sparing the CA3 region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propranolol can induce PTSD‐like memory impairments in rats

et al. 2018

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IntroductionOne hallmark symptom of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an inability to restrict fear responses to the appropriate predictor. An infusion of glucocorticoids (GCs) after a high‐intensity shock has been shown to induce PTSD‐like memory impairments. In addition to GCs, noradrenergic signalling is also recognized as a key biomarker underlying PTSD symptomatology.MethodsTo explore the role of the noradrenergic system in PTSD‐like memory impairments, in this study, various doses of the β‐adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol were systemically or bilaterally injected into the dorsal hippocampus immediately after unpaired cue‐shock contextual fear conditioning, and then the rats were tested 24 h later.ResultsInterestingly, we found that only low‐dose propranolol could induce PTSD‐like memory impairments, as rats showed reduced freezing to the correct predictor and generalized fear responses to the safe cues, accompanied by increased NE levels in the hippocampus and altered neural activity within the frontal‐subcortical circuit.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that the noradrenergic system is involved in regulating the consolidation of contextual fear memory and that propranolol can dose‐dependently induce PTSD‐like memory impairments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propranolol can induce PTSD‐like memory impairments in rats

et al. 2018

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“…Neuronal density in the CA3 area of the hippocampus was also shown to be significantly reduced in rats after prolonged pain stress in the form of 13 min electric shocks for 15 days [28]. It has been proposed that alterations in the cholinergic neurotransmitter systems due to stress are the initial events contributing to CNS impairment and that exacerbation of injury could occur with the concurrent exposure of stress and cholinesterase inhibitors [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of consequent exposure of stress and dermal application of low doses of chlorpyrifos on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the hippocampus of adult mice

Lim

Tay

Nadarajah

et al. 2011

J Occup Med Toxicol

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BackgroundChlorpyrifos (CPF), a commonly used pesticide worldwide, has been reported to produce neurobehavioural changes. Dermal exposure to CPF is common in industries and agriculture. This study estimates changes in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in hippocampal regions and correlates with histomorphometry of neurons and serum cholinesterase levels following dermal exposure to low doses of CPF with or without swim stress.MethodsMale albino mice were separated into control, stress control and four treatment groups (n = 6). CPF was applied dermally over the tails under occlusive bandage (6 hours/day) at doses of 1/10th (CPF 0.1) and 1/5th dermal LD50 (CPF 0.2) for seven days. Consequent treatment of swim stress followed by CPF was also applied. Serum cholinesterase levels were estimated using spectroflurometric methods. Paraffin sections of the left hippocampal regions were stained with 0.2% thionin followed by the counting of neuronal density. Right hippocampal sections were treated with Dako Envision GFAP antibodies.ResultsCPF application in 1/10th LD50 did not produce significant changes in serum cholinesterase levels and neuronal density, but increased GFAP expression significantly (p < 0.001). Swim stress with CPF 0.1 group did not show increase in astrocytic density compared to CPF 0.1 alone but decreased neuronal density.ConclusionsFindings suggest GFAP expression is upregulated with dermal exposure to low dose of CPF. Stress combined with sub-toxic dermal CPF exposure can produce neurotoxicity.

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“…Thus, examining the effects of early stress on different hippocampal subfields may clarify the role of early stress on hippocampus and related behavior. Animal research showed that stress was related specifically to damage in the dentate gyrus, which contains multipotent adult neural stem cells and is thus the key region for neurogenesis 53 , 54 , and the CA3 subfield, which is the main target for glucocorticoids 55 , 56 . For example, rats subjected to physical restraint showed reduced branching and atrophy in CA3 57 and tree shrews exposed to chronic psychosocial stress showed reduced dendritic length and number of branch points in CA3 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal stress and human hippocampal volume: Findings from typically developing young adults

Marečková

Mareček

Bencúrová

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The main objective of this study was to investigate the impact of prenatal and early postnatal stress on hippocampal volume in young adulthood. In sharp contrast to numerous results in animal models, our data from a neuroimaging follow-up (n = 131) of a community-based birth cohort from the Czech Republic (European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood) showed that in typically developing young adults, hippocampal volume was not associated with birth weight, stressful life events during the prenatal or early postnatal period, or dysregulated mood and wellbeing in the mother during the early postnatal period. Interestingly, mother’s anxiety/co-dependence during the first weeks after birth did show long-lasting effects on the hippocampal volume in young adult offspring irrespective of sex. Further analyses revealed that these effects were subfield-specific; present in CA1, CA2/3, CA4, GC-DG, subiculum, molecular layer, and HATA, hippocampal subfields identified by translational research as most stress- and glucocorticoid-sensitive, but not in the remaining subfields. Our findings provide evidence that the type of early stress is critical when studying its effects on the human brain.

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Neuron density in the hippocampus in rat strains with contrasting nervous system excitability after prolonged emotional-pain stress

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Propranolol can induce PTSD‐like memory impairments in rats

Propranolol can induce PTSD‐like memory impairments in rats

The effect of consequent exposure of stress and dermal application of low doses of chlorpyrifos on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the hippocampus of adult mice

Perinatal stress and human hippocampal volume: Findings from typically developing young adults

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