Neuromuscular Ultrasound in the Pediatric Population

VanHorn, Trent; Cartwright, Michael S.

doi:10.3390/diagnostics10121012

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…For example, NCS is performed to support the diagnosis of intensive-care unit acquired weakness, including critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy, which can be caused by immobilization, muscle unloading, and mechanical ventilation [26]. Recently, nerve conduction velocity has been associated to morphological characteristics measured with ultrasonography (US) of the nerve, which has been proposed as a valid and cost-effective method to assess nerve morphological characteristics (as the cross-sectional area), and to detect and evaluate alterations due to trauma, inflammation, infection and compressive pathologies of the peripheral nerve [27,28]. BR in healthy subjects represents a unique model to study neurophysiological changes induced by prolonged immobilization, without the common confounding factors that can be found in patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral nerve adaptations to 10 days of horizontal bed rest in healthy young adult males

Manganotti

Stella

Ajčević

et al. 2021

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Space analogues, such as bed rest, are used to reproduce microgravity-induced morphological and physiological changes and can be used as clinical models of prolonged inactivity. Nevertheless, non-uniform decreases in muscle mass and function have been frequently reported, and peripheral nerve adaptations have been poorly studied, although some of these mechanisms may be explained. Ten young healthy males (18-33 y) underwent 10 days of horizontal bed rest. Peripheral neurophysiological assessments were performed bilaterally for the dominant (DL) and non-dominant upper and lower limbs (N-DL) on the 1st and 10th day of bed rest, including ultrasound of the median, deep peroneal (DPN) and common fibular (CFN) nerves, as well as a complete nerve conduction study (NCS) of the upper and lower limbs. Consistently reduced F-waves, suggesting peripheral nerve dysfunction, of both the peroneal (DL: p= 0.005, N-DL p= 0.013) and tibial nerves (DL: p= 0.037, N-DL p= 0.005) were found bilaterally, while no changes were observed in nerve ultrasound or other parameters of the NCS of both the upper and lower limbs were observed. In these young healthy males, only the F-waves, known to respond to postural changes, were significantly affected by short-term bed rest. These preliminary results suggest that during simulated microgravity, most changes occur at the muscle or central nervous system level. Since the assessment of F-waves is common in clinical neurophysiological examinations, caution should be used when testing individuals after prolonged immobility.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral nerve adaptations to 10 days of horizontal bed rest in healthy young adult males

Manganotti

Stella

Ajčević

et al. 2021

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…These diseases are not typically accompanied by motor and sensory neuropathy due to immunological mechanisms [ 47 ]. NCSs cannot be performed in healthy controls because it is invasive [ 48 ], so we used an ONDs group as a control group to examine the relationship between the inflammatory response and peripheral neuropathy of MPA in this study [ 47 ]. We repeatedly collected the data of NCSs, and the last follow-up period was in November 2020.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Serum Biomarkers and Peripheral Neuropathy in Microscopic Polyangiitis

Masuda

Matsuda

Kotani

et al. 2022

IJMS

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This study aimed to elucidate the pathomechanism of peripheral neuropathy (PN) in microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and to identify biomarkers useful for diagnosis and severity assessment. Patients with MPA (n = 37) and other non-inflammatory neurological diseases (ONDs; n = 12) were enrolled, and the peripheral nerves of all patients were evaluated using nerve conduction studies. We compared the clinical characteristics and 14 serum biomarker profiles among patients with MPA and PN, MPA without PN, and ONDs. Patients with MPA had a higher prevalence of motor neuropathy than patients with ONDs. Among the patients with MPA, those with motor neuropathy had significantly higher total Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Scores and serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and interleukin-6 than patients without motor neuropathy. Multivariable analyses adjusted for age, serum CRP level, and diabetes mellitus showed that high serum levels of TIMP-1 were independently related to a diagnosis of motor neuropathy in MPA. Additionally, there were significant negative correlations between the serum levels of TIMP-1 and compound muscle action potential amplitudes. Serum levels of TIMP-1 may be associated with the pathomechanism of motor neuropathy in MPA and could be a useful biomarker for diagnosing and evaluating the severity of motor neuropathy in MPA.

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“… 196 Furthermore, EMG relies on active muscle recruitment and patient participation which is limited in the very young. 197 Nerve imaging with MRI in children is also challenging due to the need to lie still for prolonged periods which may necessitate sedation. Nerve ultrasound on the other hand is painless, quick, adaptable, cost effective and well tolerated in paediatric patients.…”

Section: Paediatric Nerve Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review Article “Spotlight on Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Nerve Disease: The Evidence to Date”

Hannaford¹,

Vucic²,

Kiernan³

et al. 2021

IJGM

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Neuromuscular ultrasound is rapidly becoming incorporated into clinical practice as a standard tool in the assessment of peripheral nerve diseases. Ultrasound complements clinical phenotyping and electrodiagnostic evaluation, providing critical structural anatomical information to enhance diagnosis and identify structural pathology. This review article examines the evidence supporting neuromuscular ultrasound in the diagnosis of compressive mononeuropathies, traumatic nerve injury, generalised peripheral neuropathy and motor neuron disease. Extending the sonographic evaluation of nerves beyond simple morphological measurements has the potential to improve diagnostics in peripheral neuropathy, as well as advancing the understanding of pathological mechanisms, which in turn will promote precise therapies and improve therapeutic outcomes.

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Neuromuscular Ultrasound in the Pediatric Population

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Peripheral nerve adaptations to 10 days of horizontal bed rest in healthy young adult males

Peripheral nerve adaptations to 10 days of horizontal bed rest in healthy young adult males

Association between Serum Biomarkers and Peripheral Neuropathy in Microscopic Polyangiitis

Review Article “Spotlight on Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Nerve Disease: The Evidence to Date”

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