Neuromuscular disorder in response to anterior cruciate ligament creep

Chu, Derrick M.; LeBlanc, Robby; D’Ambrosia, Peter; D’Ambrosia, Renee; Baratta, R.; Solomonow, Moshe

doi:10.1016/s0268-0033(03)00002-0

Cited by 46 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Recently, this creep effect has been shown to elicit a 'disordering' of the neuromuscular reflex response and, coupled with the concomitant increase in connective tissue compliance and ligamentous laxity, has been interpreted as representing a major knee injury risk factor (Chu et al 2003;Solomonow, 2004). In is interesting to note that results from the current investigation, show an improvement in magneticallyevoked EMD following fatigue.…”

Section: Magnetically-evoked Neuromuscular Performancementioning

confidence: 54%

“…Recent research has demonstrated that loading of viscoelastic structures in isolation can cause creep within the affected tissue and a modulation of the neuromuscular performance characteristics of the associated musculature (Chu et al 2003;Sbriccoli et al 2005;Solomonow, 2004;Solomnow et al 2003). For example, cyclical loading (150-200N) of the anterior cruciate ligament has been associated with an approximate 10% reduction in knee extensor peak force (Sbriccoli et al, 2005).…”

Section: Volitional Neuromuscular Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of this index of performance can be exemplified further by recognising that factors such as muscle fatigue can cause increases in EMD latency of up to 70% . The extent of this change in EMD performance may also be influenced by the loading of viscoelastic structures, which can cause creep within the affected tissue and a modulation of the neuromuscular performance characteristics of the associated musculature (Chu et al 2003;Sbriccoli et al, 2005;Solomonow, 2004;Solomonow et al 2003). Clearly, any fatigue-related increases in muscle response time within the knee flexors to initiate force, coupled with the effects of increased ligamentous laxity and compliance within muscle-related connective tissue associated with cyclical loading during activity, may result in a hyper-lax system that is more likely to be incapable of restraining high joint loads rapidly enough to prevent ligamentous injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of acute fatigue on the volitional and magnetically-evoked electromechanical delay of the knee flexors in males and females

et al. 2007

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Neuromuscular performance capabilities, including those measured by evoked responses, may be adversely affected by fatigue; however, the capability of the neuromuscular system to initiate muscle force rapidly under these circumstances is yet to be established. Sex-differences in the acute responses of neuromuscular performance to exercise stress may be linked to evidence that females are much more vulnerable to ACL injury than males. Optimal functioning of the knee flexors is paramount to the dynamic stabilisation of the knee joint, therefore the aim of this investigation was to examine the effects of acute maximal intensity fatiguing exercise on the voluntary and magnetically-evoked electromechanical delay in the knee flexors of males and females. Knee flexor volitional and magnetically-evoked neuromuscular performance was assessed in seven male and nine females prior to and immediately after: (i) an intervention condition comprising a fatigue trial of 30-seconds maximal static exercise of the knee flexors, (ii) a control condition consisting of no exercise. The results showed that the fatigue intervention was associated with a substantive reduction in volitional peak force (PF V ) that was greater in males compared to females (15.0%, 10.2%, respectively, p < 0.01) and impairment to volitional electromechanical delay (EMD V ) in females exclusively (19.3%, p < 0.05).Similar improvements in magnetically-evoked electromechanical delay in males and females following fatigue (21%, p < 0.001), however, may suggest a vital facilitatory mechanism to overcome the effects of impaired voluntary capabilities, and a faster neuromuscular response that can be deployed during critical times to protect the joint system.

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Section: Magnetically-evoked Neuromuscular Performancementioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Volitional Neuromuscular Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of acute fatigue on the volitional and magnetically-evoked electromechanical delay of the knee flexors in males and females

et al. 2007

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“…Doschak and Zernicke (2005) suggest these four regions correspond to the transitional zones of increased stiffness outlined on stress/strain curves for tendon. Additionally, tendon failure studies consistently demonstrate the biomechanical efficiency of fibrocartilaginous entheses, with avulsion fractures often occurring within adjacent subchondral bone (Lieber et al, 1992;Lam et al, 1995;Gao et al, 1996;Chu et al, 2003;Thomopoulos et al, 2003). There also may be an association between subchondral avulsion fractures and accumulated microdamage adjacent to entheses .…”

Section: Enthesial Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Entheses: Bridging the Gap Between Clinical and Anthropological Perspectives

Schlecht

2012

The Anatomical Record

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An enthesis is the interface where tendon meets bone, providing both muscle anchorage and stress dissipation. Previous anthropological research suggests size and complexity of entheses observable in osteological material, are indicative of the strain magnitude resulting from repetitive muscle contractions during the performance of daily routines. These proposed ''musculoskeletal stress markers'' are routinely incorporated into bioarcheological studies as evidence of general activity patterns past human populations participated in. However, much of how this complex osteotendinous interface develops and responds to mechanical strains is poorly understood. The following review seeks to shed light on this structural enigma by synthesizing current findings in both the clinical and anthropological literature, in the interest of generating new conversations in how entheses respond to contractual forces and the systemic influences (i.e., genetics, hormones), that surround their morphological development. Only once we truly understand the etiology of tendon insertion sites, will the value of enthesial research in reconstructing human behavior be determined. Anat Rec, 295:1239Rec, 295: -1251Rec, 295: , 2012. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Keywords: musculoskeletal stress markers (MSM); fibrocartilaginous; tendon anatomy; tendon insertion; bone morphology Anthropologists regularly implement bone remodeling principles in response to mechanical loads to infer a causal relationship between muscle tendon insertions and activity levels. Previous research suggests size and complexity of tendon insertions are indicative of strain magnitude resulting from habitual physical activity (Lane, 1887;Kennedy, 1989;Hawkey and Merbs, 1995;Churchill and Morris, 1998;Hawkey, 1998;Steen and Lane, 1998;Stirland, 1998;Wilczak and Kennedy, 1998;Capasso et al., 1999;Weiss, 2003Weiss, , 2004Weiss, , 2007 alOumaoui et al., 2004;Molnar, 2006;Cardoso and Henderson, 2010;Thara et al., 2010;Havelkova et al., 2011). Using both qualitative and quantitative data to assess the expression of insertion morphology along long bone diaphyses, inferences are frequently made regarding both generalized and specific activities past humans participated in throughout their daily lives. Recognition of this potential relationship between mechanical strain and the osteotendinous interface has led many to refer to tendon insertions sites as musculoskeletal stress markers (MSM). However, more empirical analyses exploring the factors responsible for these proposed MSM are needed before we can confidently begin to assess individual behavior and draw population-based inferences from series of skeletal remains. With this lack of understanding in the etiology of periosteal tendon insertion morphology, particularly in the mechanical and structural relationship between soft and hard tissues, this interface should be referred to by the clinical term, enthesis.

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“…When the reflexes of the muscles involved are activated, they act to prevent joint distraction [42] and reduce stress on the ACL [43] and work together in an excitatory manner to create stability in the joint. More recent studies have focused on the inhibitory effects of the ligamento-muscular reflex, which protect ligaments by reducing the buildup of force in the muscles that stress them [44,45]. For example, the inhibitory reflex prevents force in the quadriceps which would otherwise fully flex the knee joint and cause distraction, both of which place stress on the ACL.…”

Section: Ligaments As Sensory Organs and The Ligamento-muscular Reflexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ligament Injury and Healing: A Review of Current Clinical Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Hauser¹

2013

TOREHJ

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Ligament injuries are among the most common causes of musculoskeletal joint pain and disability encountered in primary practice today. Ligament injures create disruptions in the balance between joint mobility and joint stability, causing abnormal force transmission through the joint, which results in damage to other structures in and around the joint. The long-term consequence of nonhealed ligament injury is osteoarthritis, the most common joint disorder in the world today.Ligaments heal through a distinct sequence of cellular events that take place in three consecutive stages: an acute inflammatory phase, a proliferative or regenerative phase, and a tissue remodeling phase. The process can take months to resolve itself, and despite advances in therapeutics, many ligaments do not regain their normal tensile strength.Various diagnostic procedures have been used to determine and assess ligament injury. Traditionally, MRI and X-rays have been the most utilized techniques; however, because ligaments do not show up clearly with these devices, there have been many false positives and negatives reported due to inconclusive or inaccurate readings. Newer technologies, such as ultrasound and digital motion X-ray, are able to provide a more detailed image of a ligament's structure and function.Numerous strategies have been employed over the years attempting to improve ligament healing after injury or surgery. One of the most important of these is based on the understanding that monitoring early resumption of activity can stimulate repair and restoration of function and that prolonging rest may actually delay recovery and adversely affect the tissue's response to repair. Likewise, there is a shift away from the use of steroid injections and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications. Although these compounds have been shown effective in decreasing the inflammation and pain of ligament injuries for up to six to eight weeks, their use has been shown to inhibit the histological, biochemical, and biomechanical properties of ligament healing. For this reason their use is cautioned against in athletes who have ligament injuries. Such products are no longer recommended for chronic soft tissue injuries or for acute ligament injuries, except for the shortest possible time, if at all.Regenerative medicine techniques, such as prolotherapy, have been shown, in both case series and clinical studies, to resolve ligament injuries of the spine and peripheral joints. More research and additional studies are needed to better assess ligament injuries and healing properties.

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Neuromuscular disorder in response to anterior cruciate ligament creep

Cited by 46 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of acute fatigue on the volitional and magnetically-evoked electromechanical delay of the knee flexors in males and females

Effects of acute fatigue on the volitional and magnetically-evoked electromechanical delay of the knee flexors in males and females

Understanding Entheses: Bridging the Gap Between Clinical and Anthropological Perspectives

Ligament Injury and Healing: A Review of Current Clinical Diagnostics and Therapeutics

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