Neuromuscular and muscle-tendon system adaptations to isotonic and isokinetic eccentric exercise

Guilhem, Gaël; Cornu, Christophe; Guével, Arnaud

doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2010.04.003

Cited by 96 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…These characteristics can promote both hypertrophic response and swelling of the assessed area, which could have lasted up to the post-training CSA assessment. The mean muscle hypertrophy per session (~ 0.3%) found in the present study is very similar to that found in untrained individuals after high intensity-low volume isokinetic eccentric training (~0.3%) 28 . After low intensity-high volume training modality (i.e., eccentric cycle ergometer training), LaStayo et al 29 found a 52% increase of muscle fiber cross-sectional area after 32 eccentric training sessions performed within 8 wk.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Efeitos da caminhada em declive na aptidão aeróbia e neuromuscular em adultos jovens

Lima

Oliveira

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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-Eccentric exercise training using low intensity-high volume approach has been performed to improve maximal muscle strength and power. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of short-term downhill walking and level walking training on lower limb strength and maximal oxygen uptake of active individuals. Eighteen young adults were divided into level walking group (n = 9) or downhill walking training group (n = 9). Both groups performed a four-week training program. The level walking group performed seven level walking sessions per week, while the downhill walking group walked downhill (-16%) in the same weekly frequency. One week before and one week after the training protocol, maximal oxygen uptake, muscle-bone cross-sectional area and isometric peak torque of knee extensors and plantar flexors were assessed for both groups. A significant group vs. time interaction was found only for cross sectional area of plantar flexors (PF), showing increases for the downhill walking group (112.6 ± 28.9 cm 2 vs. 115.9 ± 29 cm 2 ) but not for the level walking group (94.9 ± 23.3 cm 2 vs. 94.6 ± 228 cm 2 ). Maximal oxygen uptake remained unaltered after training for both groups and IPT was increased after training for both groups. It was concluded that short-term downhill walking training does not seem to be efficient in promoting improvements in cardiorrespiratory fitness of young adults. However, it seems to promote gains in some variables related to neuromuscular fitness. Key words: Muscle strength; Physical endurance; Physical fitness. Resumo -O treinamento excêntrico de baixa intensidade e alto volume vem sendo adotado para desenvolver a força e a potência muscular. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os efeitos do treinamento de caminhada em declive e em plano, em parâmetros de força de membros inferiores e consumo máximo de oxigênio de indivíduos ativos. Dezoito adultos foram separados em grupos de treinamento em plano (GTP -n = 9) em declive (GTD -n = 9). Ambos realizaram um programa de treinamento de 4 semanas. O GTP realizou sete sessões semanais de caminhada no plano, enquanto o GTD caminhou em declive (-16%

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Efeitos da caminhada em declive na aptidão aeróbia e neuromuscular em adultos jovens

Lima

Oliveira

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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“…It is well known that external torque exerted by the knee extensors in the IT mode is constant throughout the entire range of motion, whereas it increases in the IK mode from short to long muscle length. Although each mode creates a different mechanical load on the muscles, to date, the specific effects of IT and IK eccentric exercises on neuromuscular and musculoskeletal systems have not been determined probably considering the difficulties to compare eccentric contraction in similar experimental conditions (Guilhem et al 2010a). Yet, this comparison needs to standardize both modes to exclude non-controlled effects such as movement velocity, contraction duration or amount of mechanical work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle architecture and EMG activity changes during isotonic and isokinetic eccentric exercises

2011

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The present study aimed to compare muscle architecture and electromyographic activity during isotonic (IT) and isokinetic (IK) knee extensors eccentric contractions. Seventeen subjects were assigned in test and reproducibility groups. During test session, subjects performed two IT and two IK sets of eccentric contractions of knee extensor muscles. Torque, angular velocity, VL architecture and EMG activity of agonist (vastus lateralis, VL; vastus medialis; rectus femoris) and antagonist (semitendinosus; biceps femoris, BF) muscles were simultaneously recorded and averaged on a 5° window. Torque-angle and angular velocity-angle relationships exhibited differences in mechanical load between the IT and IK modes. Changes in muscle architecture were similar in both modes, since VL fascicles length increased and fascicle angle decreased, resulting in a decrease in muscle thickness during eccentric contraction. Agonist activity and BF co-activity levels were higher in IT mode than in IK mode at short muscle lengths, whereas agonist activity was higher in IK mode than in IT mode at long muscle lengths. Differences in mechanical load between both modes induced specific neuromuscular responses in terms of agonist activity and antagonist co-activity. These results suggest that specific neural adaptations may occur after IT or IK eccentric training. This hypothesis needs to be tested in order to gain new insights concerning the most effective eccentric protocols based on whether the objective is sportive or clinical.

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“…Despite different methodology of the experiments, the groups with ECC regime showed better results than the groups with traditional CON training regarding the enhancement of: jumping height (8%), movement frequency by 11% (Lindstedt, et al, 2002) The effect of eccentric training on coordination CON and ECC muscle contractions differ in the process of movement programming at the level of the central nervous system (CNS). The study by Guilhem et al (2010) has shown a higher level of EEG activity of the cortex with ECC contraction in relation to CON contraction. At muscular level, with similar power intensity a lower level of EMG activity was recorded during ECC compared to CON contraction (Biglan-Ritchie & Woods, 1976).…”

Section: The Effect Of Eccentric Training On Strength Developmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

The role of eccentric regime of leg muscle work in alpine skiing

Ropret¹

2017

Fizicka kultura

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Neuromuscular and muscle-tendon system adaptations to isotonic and isokinetic eccentric exercise

Cited by 96 publications

References 120 publications

Efeitos da caminhada em declive na aptidão aeróbia e neuromuscular em adultos jovens

Efeitos da caminhada em declive na aptidão aeróbia e neuromuscular em adultos jovens

Muscle architecture and EMG activity changes during isotonic and isokinetic eccentric exercises

The role of eccentric regime of leg muscle work in alpine skiing

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