Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Adaptations in Response to High-Intensity Interval Power Training

Romero‐Arenas, Salvador; Ruiz, Rubén; Vera-Ibáñez, Antonio; Colomer‐Poveda, David; Guadalupe‐Grau, Amelia; Márquez, Gonzalo

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000001778

Cited by 10 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…[INSERT FIGURE 1] Table 1 displays the results of the PEDro scale assessment for the longitudinal studies and Table 2 displays the results of the risk of bias assessment for the cross-sectional studies. Of the eight longitudinal studies included, only three studies were deemed to be of fair methodological quality, with five studies deemed to be of poor quality (29,50,(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63). The mean PEDro scale score for the longitudinal studies was 3.25 out of 10 suggesting that, on average, the current longitudinal research on HVPT and RPA is of poor methodological quality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chronic effect of HVPT training was assessed in five HVPT studies (50,58,60,61,63), with the results of these studies summarised in Table 4. Of the five training studies presented, only one examined the effect of training on RPA (49).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The load utilised in HVPT can also create some difficulty in comparing the research. Date et al (66) and Romero et al (63) used loads of between 60-75% 1RM for the power clean and clean pull respectively, whereas studies involving the speed squat utilised loads between 30-60% 1RM (60,67,71,73,74,89). The load utilised in non-ballistic lifts, like the speed squat, have a substantial effect on the propulsive phase and ensuing barbell deceleration of a lift.…”

Section: Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Sports Medicine. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01273-0 on some form of sporting performance where movements like change of direction, hopping, sprinting or jumping were performed (50,58,60,61,63). Only one of the HVPT studies examined the chronic effects of HVPT on single maximal intensity efforts, RPA and RHIEs collectively (60).…”

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The Effect of High Volume Power Training on Repeated High-Intensity Performance and the Assessment of Repeat Power Ability: A Systematic Review

2020

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Background-High volume power training (HVPT) involves high volumes of high velocity resistance training, with the aim to improve repeated high intensity efforts (RHIE). Repeat power ability (RPA) is the ability to repeatedly produce maximal or near maximal efforts. Assessments of RPA using external loading may determine the ability to perform repeat high intensity efforts (RHIEs) typical of many sports and therefore provide useful information on the effectiveness of training.Objectives-1) Identify the different HVPT protocols; 2) Examine the acute responses and chronic adaptations to different HVPT protocols; 3) Identify different lower body RPA assessment protocols and highlight similarities, differences and potential limitations between each protocol, and; 4) describe the reliability and validity of RPA assessments.Methods-An electronic search was performed using SportDiscus, PubMed, CINAHL and Embase for studies utilising HVPT protocols and assessments of RPA. Eligible studies included peer reviewed journal articles published in English.Results-Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria of the final review. Of the eight longitudinal studies, three were rated as fair and five were rated as poor methodological quality, respectively. In contrast, all 12 cross-sectional studies were considered to have a low risk of bias. Preliminary evidence suggests that HVPT can enhance RHIE, RPA, anaerobic capacity, anaerobic power and aerobic performance. HVPT generally consists of 2-3 sessions per week, utilising loads of 30-40% 1 repetition maximum (RM), for 3-5 sets of 10-20 repetitions, with inter set rest periods of 2-3 minutes. RPA assessments can be valid and reliable and may provide useful information on an athlete's ability to perform RHIE and the success of HVPT programmes.The effect of HVPT on RHIE and RPA 3 This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Sports Medicine.

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The Effect of High Volume Power Training on Repeated High-Intensity Performance and the Assessment of Repeat Power Ability: A Systematic Review

2020

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“…This can be understood from research showing both neural and muscle fibre adaptations (i.e. increasing the number of type II fibres) after training with loads that maximise power output [ 12 – 14 ]. In addition, previous research supporting these findings has suggested that training with maximum power output (Pmax) results in superior improvements in maximal power production compared with other loading conditions [ 5 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of training with loads that maximise power output and individualised repetitions vs. traditional power training

et al. 2017

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BackgroundIt has been suggested that strength training effects (i.e. neural or structural) vary, depending on the total repetitions performed and velocity loss in each training set.PurposeThe aim of this study is to compare the effects of two training programmes (i.e. one with loads that maximise power output and individualised repetitions, and the other following traditional power training).MethodsTwenty-five males were divided into three groups (optimum power [OP = 10], traditional training [TT = 9] and control group [CG = 6]). The training load used for OP was individualised using loads that maximised power output (41.7% ± 5.8 of one repetition maximum [1RM]) and repetitions at maximum power (4 to 9 repetitions, or ‘reps’). Volume (sets x repetitions) was the same for both experimental groups, while intensity for TT was that needed to perform only 50% of the maximum number of possible repetitions (i.e. 61.1%–66.6% of 1RM). The training programme ran over 11 weeks (2 sessions per week; 4–5 sets per session; 3-minute rests between sets), with pre-, intermediate and post-tests which included: anthropometry, 1RM, peak power output (PPO) with 30%, 40% and 50% of 1RM in the bench press throw, and salivary testosterone (ST) and cortisol (SC) concentrations. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and power output were recorded in all sessions.ResultsFollowing the intermediate test, PPO was increased in the OP group for each load (10.9%–13.2%). Following the post-test, both experimental groups had increased 1RM (11.8%–13.8%) and PPO for each load (14.1%–19.6%). Significant decreases in PPO were found for the TT group during all sets (4.9%–15.4%), along with significantly higher RPE (37%).ConclusionOP appears to be a more efficient method of training, with less neuromuscular fatigue and lower RPE.

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Novel individualized power training protocol preserves physical function in adult and older mice

2019

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Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, contributes to frailty, functional decline, and reduced quality of life in older adults. Exercise is a recognized therapy for sarcopenia and muscle dysfunction, though not a cure. Muscle power declines at an increased rate compared to force, and force output declines earlier than mass. Thus, there is a need for research of exercise focusing on improving power output and functionality in older adults. Our primary purpose was proof-of-concept that a novel individualized power exercise modality would induce positive adaptations in adult mice, before the exercise program was applied to an aged cohort. We hypothesized that after following our protocol, both adult and older mice would show improved function, though there would be evidence of anabolic resistance in the older mice. Male C57BL/6 mice (12 months of age at study conclusion) were randomized into control (n = 9) and exercise (n = 6) groups. The trained group used progressive resistance (with a weighted harness) and intensity (~4-10 rpm) on a custom motorized running wheel. The mice trained similarly to a human workout regimen (4-5 sets/session, 3 sessions/week, for 12 weeks). We determined significant (p < 0.05) positive adaptations post-intervention, including: neuromuscular function (rotarod), strength/ endurance (inverted cling grip test), training physiology (force/power output per session), muscle size (soleus mass), and power/velocity of contraction (in vitro physiology). Secondly, we trained a cohort of older male mice (28 months old at conclusion): control (n = 12) and exercised (n = 8). While the older exercised mice did preserve function and gain benefits, they also demonstrated evidence of anabolic resistance.

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Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Adaptations in Response to High-Intensity Interval Power Training

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

The Effect of High Volume Power Training on Repeated High-Intensity Performance and the Assessment of Repeat Power Ability: A Systematic Review

The Effect of High Volume Power Training on Repeated High-Intensity Performance and the Assessment of Repeat Power Ability: A Systematic Review

The effects of training with loads that maximise power output and individualised repetitions vs. traditional power training

Novel individualized power training protocol preserves physical function in adult and older mice

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