Neuromorphic Computing in Ginzburg-Landau Polariton-Lattice Systems

Abstract

The availability of large amounts of data and the necessity to process it efficiently have led to rapid development of machine learning techniques. To name a few examples, artificial neural network architectures are commonly used for financial forecasting, speech and image recognition, robotics, medicine, and even research. Direct hardware for neural networks is highly sought for overcoming the von Neumann bottleneck of software implementations. Reservoir computing (RC) is a recent and increasingly popular bio-inspired computing scheme which holds promise for an efficient temporal information processing. We demonstrate the applicability and performance of reservoir computing in a general complex Ginzburg-Landau lattice model, which adequately describes dynamics of a wide class of systems, including coherent photonic devices. In particular, we propose that the concept can be readily applied in exciton-polariton lattices, which are characterized by unprecedented photonic nonlinearity, opening the way to signal processing at rates of the order of 1 Tbit s −1 .

Universal Scaling in the Dynamic Hysteresis, and Non-Markovian Dynamics, of a Tunable Optical Cavity

“…Second, fresh insights coupled to novel theoretical methods have revealed intriguing nonequilibrium phases of nonlinear cavities [4,7,10,12,[18][19][20][21]. Third, there is increasing interest in performing optimization [22][23][24] and computation [25] with bistable cavity arrays.…”

“…In contrast, several optical resonators with slow but strong thermal nonlinearities have routinely displayed bistability at room temperature [34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. As bona fide bistable systems, thermo-optical resonators may open up new perspectives for classical Hamiltonian simulation and computation [22][23][24][25]41]. However, the influence of the thermal relaxation time on the hysteretic and stochastic dynamics of bistable cavities remains to be addressed.…”

Nonlinear optics of coupled nanophotonic reasonators

“…The enhancement of the field amplitude inside the cavity is ⇠ 20 times compared to the field in free space [2] and decays exponentially inside the DBR mirrors [25]. Therefore the e↵ective cavity length is given by the sum of the physical cavity length (L c ) and penetration depth inside the DBR-mirror (L DBR ) 19) where…”

“…Significant improvements have been made in the field of optoelectronics by implementing di↵erent optical logic gates [4][5][6][7][8][9], polariton switches [10], ultrafast memories [11], transistors [12,13], optical diodes [14,15], polariton-neurons [16,17], optical routers [18], etc. Recent works on reservoir computing in an exciton-polariton system show a promising result to do tasks such as image and speech recognition [19], realization of To↵oli gates, and error-correction [20]; the former task has been realized experimentally by Ballarini et al [21].…”

Dynamics of light-matter coupled quasiparticles

“…Exciton-polaritons also exhibit a significant nonlinearity, which in theory was predicted to itself induce topological behavior [97], antichiral behavior [215], non-Hermitian bi-skin e↵ect [228], and topological solitons [196]. Separate from topological physics, nonlinearity was shown to provide low-energy polaritonic switches [3,7,8], reservoir networks [229][230][231][232], artificial life [233], and realize other information processing elements such as transistors [3][4][5][6], routers [216][217][218], and amplifiers [9,10]. The possible use of topological polariton states at the edges of a strip to couple these elements su↵ers however from an obvious drawback: such states come in pairs, which propagate in opposite directions on the opposite edges of the strip [94,96].…”