Neuromodulation of Cortical Synaptic Plasticity

Kirkwood, Alfredo

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-72256-6_14

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In addition to sensory experience, various neuromodulator systems can affect both CPs and adult cortical plasticity by increasing neuronal excitability, improving signal to noise ratio, and controlling the propagation of activity through the cortex ( Kirkwood, 2007 ). Early studies indicated that norepinephrine, a key neurotransmitter of the noradrenergic system, is necessary for ocular dominance column plasticity during the critical period ( Kasamatsu and Pettigrew, 1976 ; Kasamatsu et al, 1979 ).…”

Section: Brain Plasticity Is Mediated By Neuromodulator Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Brains and the Changing Rules of Neuroplasticity: Implications for Learning and Recovery

et al. 2017

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A growing number of research publications have illustrated the remarkable ability of the brain to reorganize itself in response to various sensory experiences. A traditional view of this plastic nature of the brain is that it is predominantly limited to short epochs during early development. Although examples showing that neuroplasticity exists outside of these finite time-windows have existed for some time, it is only recently that we have started to develop a fuller understanding of the different regulators that modulate and underlie plasticity. In this article, we will provide several lines of evidence indicating that mechanisms of neuroplasticity are extremely variable across individuals and throughout the lifetime. This variability is attributable to several factors including inhibitory network function, neuromodulator systems, age, sex, brain disease, and psychological traits. We will also provide evidence of how neuroplasticity can be manipulated in both the healthy and diseased brain, including recent data in both young and aged rats demonstrating how plasticity within auditory cortex can be manipulated pharmacologically and by varying the quality of sensory inputs. We propose that a better understanding of the individual differences that exist within the various mechanisms that govern experience-dependent neuroplasticity will improve our ability to harness brain plasticity for the development of personalized translational strategies for learning and recovery following brain injury or disease.

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Section: Brain Plasticity Is Mediated By Neuromodulator Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Brains and the Changing Rules of Neuroplasticity: Implications for Learning and Recovery

et al. 2017

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“…Recent evidence shows that synaptic plasticity rules are also under the control of neuromodulators for example, acetylcholine, dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, and histamine (Brzosko et al, 2019; Zannone et al, 2018; Foncelle et al, 2018; Salgado et al, 2012; Nadim and Bucher, 2014; Lisman et al, 2011; Pawlak, 2010; Kirkwood, 2007; Shine et al, 2021; Gerstner et al, 2018; Izhikevich, 2007). Neuromodulators are affecting synaptic plasticity at different stages as explained in (Seol et al, 2007; Bazzari and Parri, 2019; Nadim and Bucher, 2014; Pawlak, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switches to slow rhythmic neuronal activity lead to a plasticity-induced reset in synaptic weights

Jacquerie

Minne

Ponnet

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Brain function relies on the ability to quickly process incoming information while being capable of forming memories of past relevant events through the formation of novel synaptic connections. Synaptic connections are functionally strengthened or weakened to form new memories through synaptic plasticity rules that strongly rely on neuronal rhythmic activities. Brain information processing, on the other hand, is shaped by fluctuations in these neuronal rhythmic activities, each defining distinctive brain states, which poses the question of how such fluctuations in brain states affect the outcome of memory formation. This question is particularly relevant in the context of sleep-dependent memory consolidation, wakefulness to sleep transitions being characterized by large modifications in global neuronal activity. By combining computational models of neuronal activity switches and plasticity rules, we show that switches to rhythmic brain activity reminiscent of sleep lead to a reset in synaptic weights towards a basal value. This reset is shown to occur both in phenomenological and biophysical models of synaptic plasticity, and to be robust to neuronal and synaptic variability and network heterogeneity. Analytical analyses further show that the mechanisms of the synaptic reset are rooted in the endogenous nature of the sleep-like rhythmic activity. This sleep-dependent reset in synaptic weights permits regularizing synaptic connections during sleep, which could be a key component of sleep homeostasis and has the potential to play a central role in sleep-dependent memory consolidation.

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“…18 Evidence suggests that neuroplasticity mechanisms vary greatly across individuals and throughout a person's life. 19 Thus, a thorough understanding of neuroplastic mechanisms concerning environmental stimuli variation can influence how clinicians and researchers approach effectively to a wide range of neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Difference in Brain Processing Between Animate and Inanimate Beings in Moral Violation: An Electrophysiological Evidence

Yusoff

Chin

2023

imjm

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INTRODUCTION: Moral violation is known to elicit negative moral emotions and is associated with the electroencephalography (EEG)-derived P300 wave. However, the neural basis of moral categorisation (immoral behaviors towards animate beings or inanimate beings) has yet to be explored in moral psychology, which may increase knowledge and further understanding of brain function for the rehabilitation process. Thus our study aims to investigate the difference in brain processes between animate and inanimate moral violations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six participants (mean age of 24 years old) were involved in the experimental observation that was held in the Neuroscience Laboratory. In the event-related potential (ERP) session, EEG-derived P300 data were recorded while participants viewed a random series of 200 trials of visual stimuli that were distributed according to the odd-ball paradigm. The trials consisted of three image categories (15% of immoral behaviour toward animate beings, 15% of immoral behaviour to non-animate beings, and 70% of neutral images). Participants also pressed the buttons numbered ‘1’ or ‘2’ while responding to animate beings and inanimate beings, respectively. RESULTS: When compared to neutral images and nonanimate objects, the brain regions that were activated with immoral behavior toward animate beings had the biggest P300 amplitude with stronger neural activation in the temporal and occipital regions. CONCLUSION: Immoral behaviour towards animate beings is associated with greater neural cognition, as reflected by the activation in most brain regions. This discovery contributes to a better understanding of the moral foundation. It could be applied in determining the abnormal pattern of brain function and as a baseline reference to be used in the medical rehabilitation field.

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Neuromodulation of Cortical Synaptic Plasticity

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

Dynamic Brains and the Changing Rules of Neuroplasticity: Implications for Learning and Recovery

Dynamic Brains and the Changing Rules of Neuroplasticity: Implications for Learning and Recovery

Switches to slow rhythmic neuronal activity lead to a plasticity-induced reset in synaptic weights

The Difference in Brain Processing Between Animate and Inanimate Beings in Moral Violation: An Electrophysiological Evidence

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