Neuromodulating Attention and Mind-Wandering Processes with a Single Session Real Time EEG

Gonçalves, Óscar F.; Carvalho, Sandra; Mendes, Augusto J.; Leite, Jorge; Boggio, Paulo S.

doi:10.1007/s10484-018-9394-4

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The objective of this trial was to explore if 10 repeated sessions of 2 neurofeedback protocols were effective in increasing and inhibiting SMR or Theta bands and, consequently, modulate sustained and mind-wandering attention, in healthy volunteers. Overall, confirming previous findings, 5 both protocols increased the amplitude of the up-trained bands (either SMR or Theta) but failed to decrease the amplitude of down-trained bands, particularly for Theta in the SMR⇑Theta⇓ protocol. A previous study found that this was also the case in a single session protocol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In another study, using a similar protocol, we confirmed the difficulty in selectively inhibiting Theta in 1 single session training protocol. 5 The objective of the current trial was to test if we could possibly reverse this effect in a multiple sessions training as suggested by other studies. 7 Apparently this was not the case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Studies using real-time EEG (rtEEG) showed that the sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) up-training (13–15 Hz) and Theta down-training (4–8 Hz) significantly impacted attention, as assessed in the Attention Network Task 3 or Dichotic Listening Task. 4 However, a previous study by 5 showed that 2 single sessions of rtEEG protocols were effective in increasing the amplitude of the targeted bands (SMR in SMR⇑Theta⇓; Theta in Theta⇑SMR⇓), but unable to modulate sustained (ie, ANT) and mind-wandering attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Neuromodulating attention and mind-wandering processes with multi-session real-time electroencephalogram

Gonçalves

Carvalho

Mendes

et al. 2018

Porto Biomedical Journal

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Previous studies showed the efficacy of a single session real-time electroencephalogram (rtEEG) protocols in sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) or Theta up-training. However, the impact of this training on sustained or mind-wandering attention was only modest. This could be explained by the lack of specificity in distinct rtEEG training protocols given their limitation in inhibiting or decreasing the amplitude of down-trained bands. Additionally, multiple sessions of rtEEG in up-training/down-training SMR (sensorimotor rhythm) and Theta along with better ways of tracking sustained and mind-wandering attention protocols may be required to achieve consistent effects. Here we describe the effects of a 10-session trial of up-training/down-training SMR or Theta (SMR⇑Theta⇓; Theta⇑SMR⇓), looking at the effects of 2 rtEEG training protocols in 2 n of 1 subject designs. We also tested to impact of this training in sustained and mind-wandering attention during the course of a Sustained Attention Response Task (SART). The present trial confirmed the potentiality of a multi-session protocol in up-training Theta or SMR and, as consequence, increasing sustained attention (Theta up-training) and mind-wandering attention (SMR up-training). However, the simultaneous increase of the Theta amplitude in the SMR⇑Theta⇓ (and the more modest increase of the SMR amplitude in Theta⇑SMR⇓) reduced the specificity of the rtEEG training. Future studies should build on the potentiality of extended rtEEG protocols on this attention paradigm but increasing the specificity of the trained EEG bands choosing less tedious/more motivating feedback instruments (SMR⇑Theta⇓) and conducting the Theta⇑SMR⇓ training eyes closed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Neuromodulating attention and mind-wandering processes with multi-session real-time electroencephalogram

Gonçalves

Carvalho

Mendes

et al. 2018

Porto Biomedical Journal

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“…The users can utilize these signals learn to regulate their brain activity and in return improve their executive (Enriquez-Geppert et al, 2013), mental flexibility (Enriquez-Geppert et al, 2014), and attentional abilities (Egner and Gruzelier, 2001) as well as enhance their task engagement (Egner and Gruzelier, 2004). However, the effects of this approach on mind wandering remain unclear (Gonçalves et al, 2018). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) represents a technique of neuromodulation that can be used to boost executive functioning (see Callan and Perrey, 2019;Cinel et al, 2019).…”

Section: Neuro-adaptation Of the End-user(s)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Neuroergonomics Approach to Mental Workload, Engagement and Human Performance

et al. 2020

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The assessment and prediction of cognitive performance is a key issue for any discipline concerned with human operators in the context of safety-critical behavior. Most of the research has focused on the measurement of mental workload but this construct remains difficult to operationalize despite decades of research on the topic. Recent advances in Neuroergonomics have expanded our understanding of neurocognitive processes across different operational domains. We provide a framework to disentangle those neural mechanisms that underpin the relationship between task demand, arousal, mental workload and human performance. This approach advocates targeting those specific mental states that precede a reduction of performance efficacy. A number of undesirable neurocognitive states (mind wandering, effort withdrawal, perseveration, inattentional phenomena) are identified and mapped within a twodimensional conceptual space encompassing task engagement and arousal. We argue that monitoring the prefrontal cortex and its deactivation can index a generic shift from a nominal operational state to an impaired one where performance is likely to degrade. Neurophysiological, physiological and behavioral markers that specifically account for these states are identified. We then propose a typology of neuroadaptive countermeasures to mitigate these undesirable mental states.

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“…Evidently, the published results to date are variable. For example, Gadea et al [66] [67][68][69] reported successful voluntary modulation of brain activity (change in the EEG signal) but no effects on the behavior (eg, symptom reduction). Both effects were shown in other studies [70][71][72][73][74].…”

Section: Principal Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Exercising Games With Consumer-Grade Single-Channel Electroencephalogram Neurofeedback: Pre-Post Intervention Study

Israsena¹,

Jirayucharoensak²,

Hemrungrojn³

et al. 2021

JMIR Serious Games

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Background The aging population is one of the major challenges affecting societies worldwide. As the proportion of older people grows dramatically, so does the number of age-related illnesses such as dementia-related illnesses. Preventive care should be emphasized as an effective tool to combat and manage this situation. Objective The aim of this pilot project was to study the benefits of using neurofeedback-based brain training games for enhancing cognitive performance in the elderly population. In particular, aiming for practicality, the training games were designed to operate with a low-cost consumer-grade single-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) headset that should make the service scalable and more accessible for wider adoption such as for home use. Methods Our training system, which consisted of five brain exercise games using neurofeedback, was serviced at 5 hospitals in Thailand. Participants were screened for cognitive levels using the Thai Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Those who passed the criteria were further assessed with the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) computerized cognitive assessment battery. The physiological state of the brain was also assessed using 16-channel EEG. After 20 sessions of training, cognitive performance and EEG were assessed again to compare pretraining and posttraining results. Results Thirty-five participants completed the training. CANTAB results showed positive and significant effects in the visual memory (delayed matching to sample [percent correct] P=.04), attention (median latency P=.009), and visual recognition (spatial working memory [between errors] P=.03) domains. EEG also showed improvement in upper alpha activity in a resting state (open-eyed) measured from the occipital area (P=.04), which similarly indicated improvement in the cognitive domain (attention). Conclusions Outcomes of this study show the potential use of practical neurofeedback-based training games for brain exercise to enhance cognitive performance in the elderly population.

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Neuromodulating Attention and Mind-Wandering Processes with a Single Session Real Time EEG

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Neuromodulating attention and mind-wandering processes with multi-session real-time electroencephalogram

Neuromodulating attention and mind-wandering processes with multi-session real-time electroencephalogram

A Neuroergonomics Approach to Mental Workload, Engagement and Human Performance

Brain Exercising Games With Consumer-Grade Single-Channel Electroencephalogram Neurofeedback: Pre-Post Intervention Study

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