Neurology Issues in Schizophrenia

Hüfner, Katharina; Frajo-Apor, Beatrice; Hofer, Alex

doi:10.1007/s11920-015-0570-4

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The lack of receptors causes neuropsychiatric symptoms, attributable to ovarian teratomas and autoimmune processes in approximately half of the cases [2–4, 6, 8]. Recognizing the symptom complex is crucial to diagnosis [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Neuropsychological Sequelae in a Patient with Nontumorous Anti-NMDA-Receptor Encephalitis

Han

Koehl

Patel

et al. 2017

Case Reports in Neurological Medicine

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Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis is a neurological, autoimmune disorder tightly conceptualized only as recently as the mid-2000s. It presents itself in a combination of psychiatric, neurological, and autonomic features. We observe a unique case with probable earlier episode (prior to the mid-2000s conceptualization of the disease) and a later relapse, accompanying a comprehensive neuropsychological profile tracked after the relapse and subsequent improvement. Neurocognitive findings revealed residual frontal deficits with mood changes even in the state after plasmapheresis. This case is the first to describe posttreatment cognition in anti-NMDAR encephalitis after probable serial autoimmune episodes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Neuropsychological Sequelae in a Patient with Nontumorous Anti-NMDA-Receptor Encephalitis

Han

Koehl

Patel

et al. 2017

Case Reports in Neurological Medicine

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“…The communication between the disciplines of neurology and psychiatry is of high importance in these cases, because not only antibody testing but also neurological testing might improve the diagnosis of these patients. Mild neurological symptoms are frequent in patients with psychotic symptoms [207] but could be missed because they are (a) difficult to examine in the presence of acute psychiatric symptoms; (b) less attention is paid on these examinations and (c) neurological symptoms are attributed to side effect of psychopharmacological therapy. Psychiatrists thus need to be aware of this new diagnosis in a subset of psychotic patients and education has to be provided to also perform neurological examinations or form a multidisciplinary team with neurologists (also for CSF sampling).…”

Section: Conclusion/future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoantibodies in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Little is known about the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. The identification of autoantibodies targeting the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R), which causes neurological and psychiatric symptoms, has reinvigorated the hypothesis that other patient subgroups may also suffer from an underlying autoimmune condition. In recent years, a wide range of neuropsychiatric diseases and autoantibodies targeting ion-channels or neuronal receptors including NMDA-R, voltage gated potassium channel complex (VGKC complex), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPA-R), γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABA-R) and dopamine receptor (DR) were studied and conflicting reports have been published regarding the seroprevalence of these autoantibodies. A clear causative role of autoantibodies on psychiatric symptoms has as yet only been shown for the NMDA-R. Several other autoantibodies have been related to the presence of certain symptoms and antibody effector mechanisms have been proposed. However, extensive clinical studies with large multicenter efforts to standardize diagnostic procedures for autoimmune etiology and animal studies are needed to confirm the pathogenicity of these autoantibodies. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of neuronal autoantibodies in the major neuropsychiatric disorders: psychotic, major depression, autism spectrum, obsessive-compulsive and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders.

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“…Similarly, in 2012, a Finnish study showed a 5.5‐fold increased risk of a broadly defined psychotic illness in patients with epilepsy patients, and an 8.5‐fold risk of schizophrenia . The reverse is also true, with schizophrenia having an increased association with epilepsy as compared to other organic brain disease such as multiple sclerosis . A 2014 English case‐control study showed a 7.3% prevalence of epilepsy in patients with schizophrenia compared to 1.9% in the general population …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…3 The reverse is also true, with schizophrenia having an increased association with epilepsy as compared to other organic brain disease such as multiple sclerosis. 4 A 2014 English case-control study showed a 7.3% prevalence of epilepsy in patients with schizophrenia compared to 1.9% in the general population. 5 This association between epilepsy and psychotic illness such as schizophrenia is complicated by the existence of psychotic interictal and postictal states in epilepsy independent of schizophrenia, and the existence of other entities such as autoimmune encephalitides, which can present with both seizures and psychosis independent of epilepsy or schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%