Neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 infection in Asia: a systematic review

Abstract

Background COVID-19 infection can show various manifestation, including neurologic manifestations, such as anosmia, ageusia, or dysgeusia, and causes the neurologic disorder such as stroke, Guillain-Barre syndrome, encephalopathy, and many more. Aim To briefly review neurologic manifestation in COVID-19 infection in the Asia region (South East Asia and the Western Pacific Region). Material and methods This review uses the PRISMA statement and checklist. The source for reviewed article was performed in PubMed that were published between December 2019 to September 2020 with the latest 1 year of publication. Study titles were first screened, then reviewed by title and abstract and then the last review, we tested full text and applied eligibility criteria. Results We found a total of 9 retrieved articles from the electronic database. Among these 9 articles, 5 of them are case report, 1 case series, 1 prospective multi-center cohort study, 1 retrospective multi-center study, and 1 retrospective observational study. All articles reported confirmed COVID-19, confirmation by positive swab test using the real-time RT-PCR method, with neurologic manifestations, disorder, or syndrome on presentation or found during hospital stay. In case of neurologic disorder or syndrome, the studies reported encephalitis and ADEM, acute cerebrovascular disease, acute symptomatic seizure, and Guillain-Barré syndrome with acute cerebrovascular disease as the most common neurologic disorder associated with COVID-19 infection, followed by encephalitis. Conclusion COVID-19 also affects the brain, which may result in a global or focal neurologic manifestation. Healthcare provider treating patient with COVID-19 infection should also be aware of neurologic manifestation associated with COVID-19 infection to improve patient’s outcome. Guillain-Barre syndrome, encephalopathy, and many more. This review will briefly review neurologic manifestation in COVID-19 infection in the Asian region (South East Asia and the Western Pacific Region. A total of 9 retrieved articles from the electronic database reported confirmed COVID-19, confirmation by RT-PCR method, with neurologic manifestation, disorder, or syndrome on presentation or found during hospital stay. Healthcare provider treating patient with COVID-19 infection should also be aware of neurologic manifestation associated with COVID-19 infection to improve patient’s outcome.

A Bibliometric Analysis on Viral Central Nervous System Infection Research Productivity in Southeast Asia

“…Re-emerging viral infections such as poliomyelitis and measles have also been reported in the region [3][4][5]. The current COVID-19 pandemic has also shown the virus to produce neurologic manifestations and sequelae [6,7]. This group of diseases causes significant morbidity and mortality in affected individuals and is associated with a high socioeconomic burden since they usually cause long-term disabilities [1,8].…”

“…Re-emerging viral infections such as poliomyelitis and measles have also been reported in the region [ 3 - 5 ]. The current COVID-19 pandemic has also shown the virus to produce neurologic manifestations and sequelae [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Relation between the immunization rate by the meningococcal C-conjugate vaccine (MncC) and the Covid-19 pandemic in the population aged up to 1 year.

“…2 In addition, infections caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus have been linked to a wide spectrum of neurological complications, involving both the central and peripheral nervous systems, with meningitis being one of these complications. 5 Despite the correlation, the causality mechanisms between the two diseases are still being studied . 4 Among the serogroups of meningococcus (Neisseria meningitidis) 5 are the main causes of meningitis in Brazil: A, B, C, W and Y. Serogroup C is the most common and the reason why the Meningococcal C-conjugate vaccine (MncC) it was introduced into the National Immunization Program (PNI) in 2010.…”