Neurologic complications of COVID-19

Bridwell, Rachel E.; Long, Brit; Gottlieb, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.024

Cited by 189 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Although most reported cases of COVID-19 predominantly present with pulmonary complications, an alarming number of neurologic complications have been reported [4]. Literature analysis on COVID-19 and its neurological manifestations have been reported and analyzed as to their associated presentations in the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system (PNS, and musculoskeletal system [1,4].…”

Section: Possible Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study focusing on COVID-19 patients in Italy showed that despite patients admitted with confirmed infection and venous thromboembolism prophylaxis administered, there was an increase of ischemic stroke by 2.5% [4]. In addition, COVID-19 patients admitted into the intensive care unit with confirmed infection in China had an increase of ischemic stroke by 5% and in the Netherlands had an increase of ischemic stroke by 3.7% [4]. Moreover, younger patients infected with COVID-19 presented with signs of ischemic stroke [4].…”

Section: Cerebrovascular Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, COVID-19 patients admitted into the intensive care unit with confirmed infection in China had an increase of ischemic stroke by 5% and in the Netherlands had an increase of ischemic stroke by 3.7% [4]. Moreover, younger patients infected with COVID-19 presented with signs of ischemic stroke [4]. Lastly, any comorbidities in older patients, such as infection and hypercoagulable states, can increase the risk of ischemic stroke [4].…”

Section: Cerebrovascular Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, younger patients infected with COVID-19 presented with signs of ischemic stroke [4]. Lastly, any comorbidities in older patients, such as infection and hypercoagulable states, can increase the risk of ischemic stroke [4].…”

Section: Cerebrovascular Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Neurological Complexities and Prognosis of COVID-19

Padda

Khehra

Jaferi

et al. 2020

SN Compr. Clin. Med.

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Several neurological manifestations and complications linked to SARS-CoV-2 have been reported along with well-known respiratory pathology. The global active transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and its unexplained characteristics has led to a pandemic. Since its rapid emergence from Wuhan, China, in December 2019, several studies have reported the impacts of COVID-19 on the CNS and PNS and its implications. This comprehensive review article comprises case reports, case series, metaanalysis, cohort studies, retrospective studies, and narrative reviews focusing on COVID-19-associated CNS and PNS complexities. The authors searched for over 200 articles and used 52 publications related to the neurological complexities of COVID-19 affecting the CNS and PNS as part of the literature review process. The predominant CNS symptoms noted in COVID-19 patients were headaches and dizziness, and the most common PNS symptoms were alterations in smell and taste. Case reports on headache/dizziness, intracerebral hemorrhage, acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy, meningitis/encephalitis, encephalopathy, cerebrovascular events, chemosensory dysfunction, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and acute transverse myelitis/acute necrotizing myelitis in PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 subjects are also reported. New-onset neurological symptoms were also observed in children with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 that developed pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PIMS). This comprehensive review article will assist the clinicians and researchers to gain information about the neurological manifestations and complications associated with COVID-19 and develop planning to treat these symptoms in concerned patients of all ages. However, it is unclear whether SARS-CoV2-associated neurological effects are due to primary infections or secondary response to the possible mechanisms discussed in this review.

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Section: Possible Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cerebrovascular Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cerebrovascular Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cerebrovascular Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Neurological Complexities and Prognosis of COVID-19

Padda

Khehra

Jaferi

et al. 2020

SN Compr. Clin. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Possible mechanism by which Covid-19 affects nervous system is still under study, but few hypotheses include direct damage to receptors, cytokine related injury, retrograde travel along the nerve bres and immune mediated. Mechanism of encephalitis in patients with Covid-19 is not totally clear, but likely possibilities include in ammatory injury and direct viral infection [6]. A number of case series have shown association of CNS manifestations with severe Covid-19 infection and elevated in ammatory markers like D-Dimer and interleukin-6 (IL-6) [3,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19 associated Acute Haemorrhagic Leukoencephalomyelitis

Handa

Nanda

Prasad

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Since the first appearance of Covid-19 in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the disease has spread world-wide infecting more than 13 million people and causing approximately five hundred eighty-five thousand deaths. The disease which was initially thought to primarily involve respiratory and cardiovascular system only, over time has been reported to involve central and peripheral nervous system with varying frequency. The importance of identifying neurological symptoms cannot be over emphasised by the fact that loss of sense of smell is now considered as one of the earliest features of Covid-19. Although, impaired consciousness has been reported in approximately 17% patients with Covid-19, acute haemorrhagic leukoencephalomyelitis (AHL) as its cause has been reported in a very few cases. It is imperative for the emergency and respiratory physicians to be aware of this condition as mostly they are the ones who initially come in contact with the Covid-19 patients, as early diagnosis and aggressive treatment would greatly help in improving the prognosis and reducing the morbidity in this otherwise fatal disease. We herein report a case of acute haemorrhagic leukoencephalomyelitis secondary to Covid-19 from a tertiary care centre in India. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of Covid-19 associated AHL to be reported from India.

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The case of a 69‐year‐old man with COVID‐19 and encephalopathy

Cline

Sangha

2020

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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Summary of case A 69‐year‐old man with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes presented to an outside hospital with altered mental status. He progressed from being argumentative to encephalopathic and agitated by the evening with urinary frequency, urinary urgency, nausea, and vomiting. His vital signs were normal, and he had no focal neurological deficits on presentation. He was generally encephalopathic, only groaning with no ability to follow commands. He was found to have diabetic ketoacidosis on initial labs. A left parietal hypodensity on CT Head was found, and he was positive for Sars‐COV‐2.

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Neurologic complications of COVID-19

Cited by 189 publications

References 55 publications

The Neurological Complexities and Prognosis of COVID-19

The Neurological Complexities and Prognosis of COVID-19

Covid-19 associated Acute Haemorrhagic Leukoencephalomyelitis

The case of a 69‐year‐old man with COVID‐19 and encephalopathy

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