Neuroleptic-free youth at ultrahigh risk for psychosis evidence diminished emotion reactivity that is predicted by depression and anxiety

Gruber, June; Strauss, Gregory P.; Dombrecht, Laure; Mittal, Vijay A.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.08.013

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In contrast to some previous studies in CHR-P (19,20) and meta-analytic evidence for a reduced self-reported emotional experience in individuals with major depressive disorder compared to healthy controls (56), reductions of MET-EE and -EA were not linked to depressive psychopathology, but to SIPS negative symptoms in our sample. Moreover, lowest MET-EE scores for positive valences were found in individuals who had experienced APS in the past.…”

Section: Emotional Empathy In Individuals At Ultra-high Risk Of Psychcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and emotional empathy in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis

Montag

Brandt

Lehmann

et al. 2020

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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and emotional empathy in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis. Background: Impairments of social cognition are considered core features of schizophrenia and are established predictors of social functioning. However, affective aspects of social cognition including empathy have far less been studied than its cognitive dimensions. The role of empathy in the development of schizophrenia remains largely elusive. Methods: Emotional and cognitive empathy were investigated in large sample of 120 individuals at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis (CHR-P) and compared with 50 patients with schizophrenia and 50 healthy controls. A behavioral empathy assessment, the Multifaceted Empathy Test, was implemented, and associations of empathy with cognition, social functioning, and symptoms were determined. Results: Our findings demonstrated significant reductions of emotional empathy in individuals at CHR-P, while cognitive empathy appeared intact. Only individuals with schizophrenia showed significantly reduced scores of cognitive empathy compared to healthy controls and individuals at CHR-P. Individuals at CHR-P were characterized by significantly lower scores of emotional empathy and unspecific arousal for both positive and negative affective valences compared to matched healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. Results also indicated a correlation of lower scores of emotional empathy and arousal with higher scores of prodromal symptoms. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the tendency to 'feel with' an interaction partner is reduced in individuals at CHR-P. Altered emotional reactivity may represent an additional, early vulnerability marker, even if cognitive mentalizing is grossly unimpaired in the prodromal stage. Different mechanisms might contribute to reductions of cognitive and emotional empathy in different stages of non-affective psychotic disorders and should be further explored.

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Section: Emotional Empathy In Individuals At Ultra-high Risk Of Psychcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and emotional empathy in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis

Montag

Brandt

Lehmann

et al. 2020

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…A first possibility is that mood and anxiety symptoms produce diminished hedonic response in schizotypy and clinical high risk youth more than in schizophrenia. Consistent with this notion is evidence indicating that youth at clinical high risk for psychosis and those with schizotypy have higher rates of comorbid depression and anxiety than people with schizophrenia, and that greater severity of depression and anxiety is associated with reduced hedonic response in those individuals.…”

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confidence: 81%

“…People with schizotypy self‐report less positive emotion in response to pleasant stimuli than healthy controls and show reduced neurophysiological response during the receipt of reward outcomes. Youth at clinical high risk for psychosis also have diminished neurophysiological and self‐reported responses to pleasant stimuli. Since schizophrenia is a more severe form of psychopathology in nearly every conceivable way, this apparent discrepancy is paradoxical: why would the less severe forms of pathology show deficits in hedonic capacity, whereas the more severe form does not?…”

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confidence: 99%

The schizophrenia spectrum anhedonia paradox

Strauss

Cohen

2018

World Psychiatry

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“…Of the three studies examining self-reported emotional experience in the prodromal phase of illness, UHR participants have consistently been found to report less positive emotion to pleasant stimuli and less negative emotion to unpleasant stimuli than CN participants ( Gruber et al, 2017 , Jhung et al, 2016 , Yee et al, 2010 ). Furthermore, diminished emotional reactivity to both pleasant and unpleasant stimuli has been associated with greater severity of depression ( Gruber et al in press ). This pattern of findings should be interpreted with the relatively low rate of conversion to a psychotic disorder among those deemed UHR in mind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…After the ERP task, participants made unipolar reports of positive emotion, negative emotion, and arousal to the stimuli. Based on results from prior self-report studies examining UHR youth ( Gruber et al, 2017 , Jhung et al, 2016 , Yee et al, 2010 ), we hypothesized that the UHR group would display diminished self-reported positive emotion to pleasant stimuli and diminished negative emotion to unpleasant stimuli compared to controls. Our second hypothesis was that controls would evidence robust neurophysiological emotional reactivity, as indicated by significantly greater amplitude of the LPP for pleasant and unpleasant than neutral pictures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diminished Hedonic response in neuroleptic-free youth at ultra high-risk for psychosis

Strauss

Ruiz

Visser

et al. 2018

Schizophrenia Research: Cognition

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Hedonic response is preserved in schizophrenia. However, it is unclear whether this is also true in individuals meeting criteria for “prodromal” psychosis, who are considered to be at symptomatic high risk for developing the disorder. In this study, we examined neurophysiological and self-reported response to emotional stimuli in UHR (n = 23) and healthy control (CN: n = 30) participants who passively viewed pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral images for 500 ms while the electroencephalogram was recorded and then provided self-reports of valence and arousal to the stimuli. The Late Positive Potential (LPP) event related potential (ERP) component was used as a neurophysiological marker of emotional reactivity. Results indicated that CN participants had higher LPP amplitude for pleasant and unpleasant compared to neutral stimuli; however, UHR youth displayed no differences in LPP amplitude among pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral stimuli. Self-report data mirrored neurophysiological data, as UHR youth had lower reports of positive emotion to pleasant stimuli and negative emotion to unpleasant stimuli compared to CN participants. Furthermore, the presence of a mood disorder diagnosis predicted reduced neurophysiological emotional reactivity in UHR youth.Findings suggest that youth at UHR for psychosis display diminished subjective and neurophysiological reactivity to emotional stimuli, and that symptoms of depression may result in diminished emotional reactivity.

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Neuroleptic-free youth at ultrahigh risk for psychosis evidence diminished emotion reactivity that is predicted by depression and anxiety

Cited by 26 publications

References 36 publications

Cognitive and emotional empathy in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis

Cognitive and emotional empathy in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis

The schizophrenia spectrum anhedonia paradox

Diminished Hedonic response in neuroleptic-free youth at ultra high-risk for psychosis

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