Neuroimmune correlates of the nervous system involvement of COVID-19: A commentary

Yeşilkaya, Ümit Haluk; Balcıoğlu, Yasin Hasan

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2020.05.056

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 has also been suggested to be potentially neurotropic and possibly affecting the brain stem (8). It is also possible that CNS affection may be caused by a neuroimmune response triggered by the viral infection (19). Although a case with brain stem affection due to COVID-19 associated acute hemorrhagic brain stem lesion has recently been described (20), electrophysiologically proven brain stem affection without evident morphological changes has not been reported yet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged Neuropsychological Deficits, Central Nervous System Involvement, and Brain Stem Affection After COVID-19—A Case Series

et al. 2020

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Objective: The affection of both the peripheral (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been assumed to play a direct role in the respiratory failure of patients with Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) through affection of medullary cardiorespiratory centers resulting in neurological complications and sequelae. Methods: We used a multimodal electrophysiological approach combined with neuropsychological investigations to study functional alteration of both the PNS and CNS in four patients with severe COVID-19. Results: We found electrophysiological evidence for affection of both the PNS and CNS, and particularly affection of brain stem function. Furthermore, our neuropsychological investigations provide evidence of marked impairment of cognition independent of delirium, and outlasting the duration of acute infection with SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: This case series provides first direct electrophysiological evidence for functional brain stem involvement in COVID-19 patients without evident morphological changes supporting the notion of the brain stem contributing to respiratory failure and thus promoting severe courses of the disease. Moreover, sustained neuropsychological sequelae in these patients may be of particular psychosocial and possibly also economic relevance for society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged Neuropsychological Deficits, Central Nervous System Involvement, and Brain Stem Affection After COVID-19—A Case Series

et al. 2020

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“…A crucial part of COVID-19 patients with ARDS presents an excess pro-inflammatory cytokine release, which may be related to cytokine storm syndrome in the respiratory system [4]. It has been shown that many patients with COVID-19 had increased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-8, IL-17, granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF, and TNF-α [5,15]. However, corticosteroids and other immunosuppressant agents have not been encouraged in COVID-19 because of their given deteriorating effects to already vulnerable respiratory tract [6].…”

Section: Covid-19 Cytokines Immunomodulation Immunopharmacology Mood mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunopharmacological management of COVID-19: Potential therapeutic role of valproic acid

2020

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Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre-including this research content-immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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“…They have reviewed current literature on the neurological complications and manifestations of COVID-19, however, they were able to identify only a very limited number of studies. In fact, in our latest paper, we have provided a deeper insight on the pathophysiology of the central nervous system involvement of COVID-19 and discussed that neuropsychiatric manifestations related COVID-19 might be associated with the involvement of both direct viral transmission and neuroimmune response (Yesilkaya and Balcioglu 2020). Latter includes heightened systemic proinflammatory response which is closely associated with so-called cytokine storm, a well-known phenomenon led by SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 98%

May the Central Nervous System Be Fogged by the Cytokine Storm in COVID-19?: an Appraisal

Balcıoğlu

Yeşilkaya

Gokcay

et al. 2020

J Neuroimmune Pharmacol

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Neuroimmune correlates of the nervous system involvement of COVID-19: A commentary

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Prolonged Neuropsychological Deficits, Central Nervous System Involvement, and Brain Stem Affection After COVID-19—A Case Series

Prolonged Neuropsychological Deficits, Central Nervous System Involvement, and Brain Stem Affection After COVID-19—A Case Series

Immunopharmacological management of COVID-19: Potential therapeutic role of valproic acid

May the Central Nervous System Be Fogged by the Cytokine Storm in COVID-19?: an Appraisal

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