Neuroimaging of Developmental Psychopathologies: The Importance of Self‐Regulatory and Neuroplastic Processes in Adolescence

Spessot, Alexandra L.; Plessen, Kerstin J.; Peterson, Bradley S.

doi:10.1196/annals.1308.010

Cited by 52 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…However, the role of CSTC loops, and of frontostriatal connections in particular, has been relatively unexplored in health and disease (Blumberg et al, 2003;B. S. Peterson et al, 1998;Rinehart, Bradshaw, Brereton, & Tonge, 2002;A.L. Spessot & Peterson, 2004;A.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Biasing of a Specific Bistable-Figure Percept Involves fMRI Signal Changes in Frontostriatal Circuits: A Step Toward Unlocking the Neural Correlates of Top-Down Control and Self-Regulation

Raz¹,

Lamar²,

Buhle³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis

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Attention, suggestion, context and expectation can all exert top-down influence on bottom-up processes (e.g., stimulus-driven mechanisms). Identifying the functional neuroanatomy that subserves top-down influences on sensory information processing can unlock the neural substrates of how suggestion can modulate behavior. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we scanned 10 healthy participants (five men) viewing five bistable figures. Participants received a directional cue to perceive a particular spatial orientation a few seconds before the bistable figure appeared. After presentation, participants pressed a button to indicate their locking into the one desired orientation of the two possible interpretations. Participants additionally performed tests of impulse control and sustained attention. Our findings reveal the role of specific frontostriatal structures in selecting a particular orientation for bistable figures, including dorsolateral prefrontal regions and the putamen. Additional contrasts further bolstered the role of the frontostriatal system m the top-down processing of competing visual perceptions. Separate correlations of behavioral variables with fMRI activations support the idea that the frontostriatal system may mediate attentional control when selecting among competing visual perceptions. These results may generalize to other psychological functions. With special relevance to clinical neuroscience and applications involving attention, expectation and suggestion (e.g., hypnosis), our results address the importance of frontostriatal circuitry in behavioral modulation. KeywordsTop-down effect; cognitive control; coruco-striato-thalamocortical (CSTC) circuits; attention; expectation; hypnosis; self-regulation; impulse control 1 The ability to manipulate one's own emotions, thoughts, or actions upon direction from the self or another person. Emotion regulation can be a form of self-regulation, but it could also be induced by a caregiver's actions. 2 The reduction in the probability, speed, or vigor of the normal response to a stimulus based upon instruction from the self or other. It is often measured by scale scores on a questionnaire or by a task that requires one to withhold or delay a response. 3 The literature typically uses the appellation "emotional-regulation" to mean the reduction, increase, or sustaining of an emotional response (e.g., fear, anger, or pleasure) based upon the actions of the self or another. 4 The ability to inhibit, activate or sustain a response, including the capacity to inhibit a dominant response in order to perform a subdominant response. In temperament research individual differences in effortful control are measured as a factor score that combines scales dealing with attention and the ability to regulate behavior on command.NIH Public Access

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Biasing of a Specific Bistable-Figure Percept Involves fMRI Signal Changes in Frontostriatal Circuits: A Step Toward Unlocking the Neural Correlates of Top-Down Control and Self-Regulation

Raz¹,

Lamar²,

Buhle³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis

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“…Thus, a model has been proposed in which frequent prefrontal activation during tic suppression may produce compensatory prefrontal cortex hypertrophy that aids in tic suppression [624,625], although it is not presently clear how such basal ganglia and prefrontal characteristics effects reward processing in TS. Variants in the DA receptor gene DRD 2 have also been associated with genetic risk for TS [626-628], but this finding is not consistent [629-633].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings

Dichter

Damiano

Allen

2012

J Neurodevelop Disord

243

198

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This review summarizes evidence of dysregulated reward circuitry function in a range of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders and genetic syndromes. First, the contribution of identifying a core mechanistic process across disparate disorders to disease classification is discussed, followed by a review of the neurobiology of reward circuitry. We next consider preclinical animal models and clinical evidence of reward-pathway dysfunction in a range of disorders, including psychiatric disorders (i.e., substance-use disorders, affective disorders, eating disorders, and obsessive compulsive disorders), neurodevelopmental disorders (i.e., schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, Tourette’s syndrome, conduct disorder/oppositional defiant disorder), and genetic syndromes (i.e., Fragile X syndrome, Prader–Willi syndrome, Williams syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and Rett syndrome). We also provide brief overviews of effective psychopharmacologic agents that have an effect on the dopamine system in these disorders. This review concludes with methodological considerations for future research designed to more clearly probe reward-circuitry dysfunction, with the ultimate goal of improved intervention strategies.

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“…In impulse control disorders with a childhood onset, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Tourette syndrome (TS), studies indicate that diminished EFs are present [20][21][22][23], and abnormalities in brain structures and functions involved in EFs are present [21,24,25]. In contrast, research into EFs in PG is scarce, and findings are inconsistent (for a review see [26]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome and normal controls

et al. 2006

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Aims Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling have relevance for the aetiology and treatment of this disorder, yet are poorly understood. This study therefore investigated neurocognitive impairments of executive functions in a group of carefully screened Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version IV (DSM-IV-TR) pathological gamblers. Performance was compared to a group of normal control participants. To study the specificity of these neurocognitive deficits, a substance dependence group (alcohol dependence) and an impulse control disorder group (Tourette syndrome) were included. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Addiction and general mental health treatment centres. Participants Forty-nine pathological gamblers, 48 abstinent alcohol-dependent patients, 46 participants with Tourette syndrome and 49 normal control participants. Measurements A comprehensive neuropsychological battery measuring executive functions as well as basic cognitive functions. Findings Both the pathological gambling and the alcohol dependent groups were characterized by diminished performance on inhibition, time estimation, cognitive flexibility and planning tasks. The Tourette syndrome group showed deficits only on inhibition tasks. Basic cognitive functions were intact in all clinical groups. Comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, antisocial personality disorder and nicotine dependence influenced the impaired functions of the clinical groups only minimally. Conclusions Carefully screened groups of pathological gamblers and alcohol dependents were characterized by diminished executive functioning, suggesting a dysfunction of frontal lobe circuitry in these disorders. The resemblance between the pathological gambling group and the alcohol dependence group suggests a common neurocognitive aetiology for these disorders. Psychosocial treatment of these disorders could benefit from assessing and targeting deficits in executive functions, as they probably influence the course of these disorders negatively.

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Neuroimaging of Developmental Psychopathologies: The Importance of Self‐Regulatory and Neuroplastic Processes in Adolescence

Cited by 52 publications

References 85 publications

Selective Biasing of a Specific Bistable-Figure Percept Involves fMRI Signal Changes in Frontostriatal Circuits: A Step Toward Unlocking the Neural Correlates of Top-Down Control and Self-Regulation

Selective Biasing of a Specific Bistable-Figure Percept Involves fMRI Signal Changes in Frontostriatal Circuits: A Step Toward Unlocking the Neural Correlates of Top-Down Control and Self-Regulation

Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings

Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome and normal controls

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