Neuroimaging of children with partial seizures

Kramer, Uri; Nevo, Yoram; Reider-Groswasser, Irit; Sheuer, Eyal; Meyer, Jan; Leitner, Yael; Phatal, Aviva; Harel, Shaul

doi:10.1016/s1059-1311(98)80066-6

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Among the partial seizures, CPS (26.85%) is more common than SPS (5.56%) in our study. This is in correlation with the study of Homes et al 10 and Kramer et al 11 Of the generalized seizures, GTCS is the commonest type of seizure in our study comprising 91.67%. Of the partial seizures, CPS is the commonest type 82.86%, but SPS was the commonest type of seizure in the study conducted by Maytel J et al 12 The positive yield of CT scans in our study is 74.29% (26/35 cases) with partial seizures and 41.67% (25/60) in cases with generalized seizures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Study of Seizure Disorder in Children in Correlation With Computerized Tomography and Electroencephalography

Gollapalli¹,

Sekhar²,

Manikyamba³

et al. 2016

jemds

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BACKGROUNDSeizure disorders are fairly common in children. Almost 5% of children at risk of experiencing a seizure. The aetiology of seizures is different in India and other developing countries as compared to the developed world. Tuberculoma and neurocysticercosis have relatively high frequency in India. 1 Most of the Indian studies on seizure disorders were done in mixed population of adults and children. Only few Indian studies looked at the prevalence, incidence, causative factors and other aspects of childhood seizures. The present study emphasizing on clinical profile of seizures concentrating only on paediatric age group and to evaluate the role of EEG and CT scan brain as a diagnostic aid in various seizure disorders in children. This study focusses on CT findings, which are more easily available in peripheries where MRI facilities may not be available, though MRI may be superior to CT in identifying the lesions. STUDY METHODSThe study includes 108 children from 1 year to less than 12 years of age with various seizure disorders, who are coming to Paediatric Outpatient and Inpatient Department, Govt. General Hospital, Kakinada, from November 2014 to October 2015. This is a cross sectional observation study. RESULTSOut of the 108 cases studied, half of the patients (n=55, 50.9%) presented with GTCS. Complex partial seizures is the second most common type of seizure disorder (n=29, 26.9%). Maximum number of children were in the 3-10 years' age group (n=65, 60.18%). Maximum number of patients presented during 12 th year (n=17, 15.7%) followed by 8 th year (n=14, 13%). Out of 108 children studied, 70 (64.81%) are male children and 38 (35.19%) are female children. The male:female ratio is 1.8:1. Among the patients with abnormal CT, solitary tuberculoma was the most frequent abnormality which was detected in 22 patients (40%), Neurocysticercosis was the second common abnormality detected in the present study. Among the patients with abnormal EEG, features suggestive of generalized seizure disorder was present in 39 cases (60.94%). One hemisphere slowing suggestive of underlying focus is present in 25 cases (39.06%), left side being involved in more number of patients than the right side. In the present study among patients with GTCS, EEG abnormality alone was found in 25.45% cases, CT abnormality alone was found in 23.64% cases and both CT and EEG were abnormal in 21.82% cases. CONCLUSIONSeizure disorders were found to be more common in male children compared to female children. The male:female ratio is 1.8:1. 2 The incidence of seizure disorders was found to be high in children above 3 years of age. Generalized seizures were more common than partial seizures. Among the generalized seizures, generalized tonic clonic seizures were common and among partial seizures complex partial seizures were common. In the present study, CT scan revealed structural abnormalities more commonly in partial seizures (74%) than in generalized seizures (41%). The most common finding observed by CT scan was tuberculoma follo...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Study of Seizure Disorder in Children in Correlation With Computerized Tomography and Electroencephalography

Gollapalli¹,

Sekhar²,

Manikyamba³

et al. 2016

jemds

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“…It is important to stress that few studies have prospectively examined substantial pediatric epilepsy populations with a primary view to evaluate imaging (Wang et al., 1997; King et al., 1998; Berg et al., 2000; Shinnar et al., 2001; Chang et al., 2002). Aside from studies in emergency departments where CT is the imaging modality of choice (McAbee et al., 1989; Warden et al., 1997; Garvey et al., 1998; Maytal et al., 2000; Chang et al., 2002; Sharma et al., 2003), none have sought to define indications for MRI and thus are uncontrolled studies and do not meet criteria for class 1 studies (Landfish et al., 1992; Gibbs et al., 1993; Bronen et al., 1996; Caraballo et al., 1997; Harvey et al., 1997; Garvey et al., 1998; Guidelines for neuroimaging evaluation of patients with uncontrolled epilepsy considered for surgery, 1998; King et al., 1998; Kramer et al., 1998; Berg et al., 2000; Hirtz et al., 2000; Jallon et al., 2001; Chang et al., 2002; Kuzniecky & Knowlton, 2002; Bernal & Altman, 2003; Gelisse et al., 2003; Eltze et al., 2005; Korff & Nordli, 2005). Table 1 lists prospective and retrospective studies since 1989 that incorporate some form of imaging using CT and/or MRI that involve more than 30 children.…”

Section: Summary Of Imaging Studies Involving Substantial Children Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for imaging infants and children with recent‐onset epilepsy

et al. 2009

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SUMMARYThe International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Subcommittee for Pediatric Neuroimaging examined the usefulness of, and indications for, neuroimaging in the evaluation of children with newly diagnosed epilepsy. The retrospective and prospective published series with n ‡30 utilizing computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1.5 T) that evaluated children with new-onset seizure(s) were reviewed. Nearly 50% of individual imaging studies in children with localization-related new-onset seizure(s) were reported to be abnormal; 15-20% of imaging studies provided useful information on etiology or and seizure focus, and 2-4% provided information that potentially altered immediate medical management. A significant imaging abnormality in the absence of a history of a localization-related seizure, abnormal neurologic examination, or focal electroencephalography (EEG) is rare. Imaging studies in childhood absence epilepsy, juvenile absence epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, and benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) do not identify significant structural abnormalities. Imaging provides important contributions to establishing etiology, providing prognostic information, and directing treatment in children with recently diagnosed epilepsy. Imaging is recommended when localization-related epilepsy is known or suspected, when the epilepsy classification is in doubt, or when an epilepsy syndrome with remote symptomatic cause is suspected. When available, MRI is preferred to CT because of its superior resolution, versatility, and lack of radiation.

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“…7 The most common symptom of a middle cranial fossa arachnoid cyst is headache, 2,11 followed by proptosis, contralateral motor weakness, and seizures. 9,10 Suprasellar arachnoid cysts may cause obstructive hydrocephalus, visual impairment, and endocrine dysfunction. Posterior fossa arachnoid cysts often present with cerebel- lar symptoms, such as nystagmus and gait abnormalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemorrhagic infarction following open fenestration of a large intracranial arachnoid cyst in a pediatric patient

Auschwitz

DeCuypere

Khan

et al. 2015

PED

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Intracranial arachnoid cysts are a rare condition thought to be congenital in nature. Treatment of intracranial arachnoid cysts remains controversial based on their variable presentation. Treatment options include CSF shunting, endoscopic fenestration, or craniotomy and open fenestration for larger cysts. The complications of these procedures can include hydrocephalus, subdural hematomas, hygromas, and—more rarely—intraparenchymal hemorrhage. The authors found very few reports of hemorrhagic infarction as a complication of arachnoid cyst fenestration in the literature. The authors report a case of an 18-year-old female patient who suffered an ipsilateral hemorrhagic infarction after craniotomy for open fenestration of an arachnoid cyst.

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Neuroimaging of children with partial seizures

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Study of Seizure Disorder in Children in Correlation With Computerized Tomography and Electroencephalography

Study of Seizure Disorder in Children in Correlation With Computerized Tomography and Electroencephalography

Guidelines for imaging infants and children with recent‐onset epilepsy

Hemorrhagic infarction following open fenestration of a large intracranial arachnoid cyst in a pediatric patient

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