Neuroimaging in dementia: a practical guide

Mortimer, Alex; Likeman, Marcus; Lewis, Timothy

doi:10.1136/practneurol-2012-000337

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In addition, medial temporal atrophy was not evaluated, one of the earliest markers of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. 12 However, the population-based and nested case-control design, together with the homogeneous characteristics of Atahualpa's residents and the models used for assessing the association between GCA and LCT scores, contribute to the merit of the study results. Further studies are needed to determine whether scores on the LCT correlate with MRI findings suggestive of structural brain damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Leganés cognitive test correlates poorly with MRI evidence of global cortical atrophy in an underserved community A population-based and nested case-control study in rural Ecuador (The Atahualpa Project)

Brutto

Mera

Zambrano³

et al. 2014

Dement. neuropsychol.

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ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate whether the Leganés cognitive test (LCT) correlates with global cortical atrophy (GCA) and can be used as a surrogate for structural brain damage.MethodsAtahualpa residents aged > 60 years identified during a door-to-door survey underwent MRI for grading GCA. Using multivariate generalized linear models, we evaluated whether continuous LCT scores correlated with GCA, after adjusting for demographics, education, cardiovascular health (CVH) status, depression and edentulism. In a nested case-control study, GCA severity was assessed in subjects with LCT scores below the cutoff level for dementia (< 22 points) and in matched controls without dementia.ResultsOut of 311 eligible subjects, 241 (78%) were enrolled. Mean age was 69.2±7.5 years, 59% were women, 83% had primary school education, 73% had poor CVH status, 12% had symptoms of depression and 43% had edentulism. Average LCT score was 26.7±3, and 23 (9.5%) subjects scored < 22 points. GCA was mild in 108, moderate in 95, and severe in 26 individuals. On the multivariate model, mean LCT score was not associated with GCA severity (β=0.06, SE=0.34, p=0.853). Severe GCA was noted in 6 / 23 case-patients and in 8 / 23 controls (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.14-2.81, p=0.752, McNemar's test).ConclusionThe LCT does not correlate with severity of GCA after adjusting for potential confounding variables, and should not be used as a reliable estimate of structural brain damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Leganés cognitive test correlates poorly with MRI evidence of global cortical atrophy in an underserved community A population-based and nested case-control study in rural Ecuador (The Atahualpa Project)

Brutto

Mera

Zambrano³

et al. 2014

Dement. neuropsychol.

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“…The behavioural-variant FTD subtype is characterised by an anterior-posterior gradient comprising marked frontotemporal atrophy and hypoperfusion with relative sparing of the parietal lobe. 8 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontotemporal dementia presenting as severe depression

Newrick¹,

Gomes-Pinto²,

Hewitt³

2017

Prog. Neurol. Psychiatry

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“…Perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a functional imaging technique that gives an indirect measure of brain function at rest that is commonly used to aid dementia diagnosis. Perfusion SPECT imaging gives good sensitivity and specificity for dementia prediction, with regional patterns of reduced function suggesting dementia subtype in addition to providing information on dementia severity and prognosis [ 17 , 18 ]. The direct correlation between regional deficits on perfusion SPECT imaging and presenting symptoms in an individual is well defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Care Requirements: Use of Functional Neuroimaging to Predict Dementia Caregiver Burden

Prosser

Spreadbury

Tossici-Bolt

et al. 2018

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra

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Background: Dementia caregivers frequently report high stress, with increased burden associated with worse outcomes for both patients and caregivers. Although many studies relate clinical phenotypes to burden, the relationship between imaging pathology and burden, irrespective of diagnosis, is unknown. This study investigated the relationship between caregiver burden and patient regional cerebral blood flow in dementia. Methods: Seventy-sev en patients with cognitive impairment undergoing brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography imaging in normal clinical care and their caregivers were recruited. Caregiver burden was ranked from “little” to “severe” using the Zarit Burden Interview and perfusion values extracted from the patient images for predefined regions of interest. The associations between burden score and regional function on imaging were tested. Results: Burden score was significantly higher for caregivers of patients with abnormal perfusion compared to those with normal perfusion in the left and right frontal, right parietal, and right temporal lobes. No difference in burden was found in the left parietal or temporal groups. Correlations showed that a higher caregiver burden was associated with lower patient perfusion scores in the same regions. Conclusion: Caregiver burden is strongly related to the extent of frontal or right-predominant parietal or temporal lobe dysfunction. Regional abnormality on perfusion imaging can be used to facilitate identification of individuals who are likely to create a high burden on caregivers.

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Neuroimaging in dementia: a practical guide

Cited by 19 publications

References 60 publications

The Leganés cognitive test correlates poorly with MRI evidence of global cortical atrophy in an underserved community A population-based and nested case-control study in rural Ecuador (The Atahualpa Project)

The Leganés cognitive test correlates poorly with MRI evidence of global cortical atrophy in an underserved community A population-based and nested case-control study in rural Ecuador (The Atahualpa Project)

Frontotemporal dementia presenting as severe depression

Imaging Care Requirements: Use of Functional Neuroimaging to Predict Dementia Caregiver Burden

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