Neuroimaging and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Norman, Andria L.; Crocker, Nicole; Mattson, Sarah N.; Riley, Edward P.

doi:10.1002/ddrr.72

Cited by 205 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(158 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

182

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Further, with this technique it is possible to examine the whole brain area as it is engaged with a particular task. With these advantages, fMRI has become the primary tool in volumetric functional neuroimaging and its application has exhibited a increasing trend in studies of prenatal drug exposure (Derauf et al 2009;Norman et al 2009). …”

Section: Methods For Functional Neuroimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Neuroimaging in the Examination of Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Coles

2011

Neuropsychol Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Functional neuroimaging offers the opportunity to understand the effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on the activities of the brain as well as providing a window into the relationship between neural activation and the behavioral outcomes that have been described in affected individuals. Several different methodologies have been used to examine the neurophysiological signal changes associated with different brain functions in prenatally exposed individuals and those diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or other fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). These include electroencephalography (EEG), positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). These studies demonstrate that it is feasible to use these technologies with this clinical population and that the damage to the central nervous system associated with prenatal alcohol exposure has widespread functional implications; however, currently, the literature in these areas is limited and unsystematic. Functional MRI with this clinical population has just begun to explore the implications of prenatal alcohol exposure with the first paper published in 2005. Other methodologies are similarly limited in scope. Nonetheless, these functional neuroimaging studies suggest that prenatal alcohol exposure, or a diagnosis of FAS, may lead to restrictions in neural efficiency or a global decrement in processing resources.

show abstract

Section: Methods For Functional Neuroimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Neuroimaging in the Examination of Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Coles

2011

Neuropsychol Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Prenatal alcohol exposure disturbs brain morphogenesis, resulting in a wide range of abnormalities and atypicalities at both micro-and macro-scopic levels (e.g., Norman et al, 2009). Microcephaly (small head for body size) is a hallmark feature of FAS, and is frequently accompanied by microencephaly (small brain for body size).…”

Section: Impact Of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure On the Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical Hemispheric Asymmetry in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Review of the Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Language Lateralization.

Lindell¹

2016

Acta Neuropsychologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYAtypical lateralization is evident in developmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders and dyslexia. Moreover, atypical lateralization is linked to language impairments: reduced or reversed lateralization is associated with poorer language outcomes. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) result from the deleterious effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the brain, resulting in a range of physical, behaviou ral, and cognitive abnormalities, including language impair ments. To date, little is known about lateralization in FASD. This review examines the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on lateralization in FASD, seeking to determine the degree to which the language deficits associated with FASD can be attributed to aberrant cortical lateralization. The research reviewed indicates that the left temporo-parietal region is par ticularly vulnerable to prenatal alcohol exposure, causing atypicalities in structural and functional lateralization. As this region typically controls language processing, the data imply a direct link between atypical lateralization in FASD and language impairment. Knowledge of patterns of altered structural and functional lateralization in FASD has the potential to improve diagnostic efficacy and may facilitate the development of appropriate management and intervention programmes, improving outcomes for people with FASD.

show abstract

“…These deficits could be a consequence of alterations in the hippocampus and/or frontal cortex. During childhood, some patients exhibit alterations in motor coordination that could be related to cerebellar damage (Norman, Crocker, Mattson, & Riley, 2009;Spottiswoode et al, 2011). Individuals with FASDs typically process information more slowly than controls and have deficits in arousal and attention (O'Brien et al, 2013;Stephen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%