Neurofunctional changes in adolescent cannabis users with and without bipolar disorder

Bitter, Samantha M.; Adler, Caleb M.; Eliassen, James C.; Weber, Wade; Welge, Jeffrey A.; Burciaga, Joaquin; Shear, Paula K.; Strakowski, Stephen M.; DelBello, Melissa P.

doi:10.1111/add.12668

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…In previous studies examining adolescents who predominantly had no history of psychopathology, associations between amygdala volumes with prospective alcohol/cannabis use were also not detected (Cheetham et al, 2012(Cheetham et al, , 2014. This suggests that previous observations of amygdala abnormalities as observed in adolescents/young adults without BD but with cannabis (Gilman et al, 2014;Padula et al, 2015) or alcohol use (Dager et al, 2013) as well as in adolescents with BD and comorbid cannabis use (Bitter et al, 2014) may be related to substance exposure. Additionally, altered amygdala morphology and function in association with substance use has shown genetic and sex-related associations (Hill et al, 2001(Hill et al, , 2013Benegal et al, 2007;McQueeny et al, 2011;Cacciaglia et al, 2013).…”

Section: Neuroanatomical Factors Associated With Substance Use Problementioning

confidence: 75%

“…A pilot study of adolescents with BD, following subjects over 2 years, showed lower GMV in temporal cortex in those diagnosed with comorbid cannabis abuse/dependence before or after scan (n 5 7), compared with adolescents with BD without comorbid diagnoses (n 5 7) (Jarvis et al, 2008). In another study, adolescents/young adults (12-21 years) with BD and comorbid cannabis use disorders (n 5 25; 7 of whom also had comorbid alcohol abuse/dependence) were observed to have decreases in functional responses of the amygdala, shown to be excessive in adolescents with BD without comorbidity (Bitter et al, 2014). However, tobacco use was not examined in either of these studies, and GMV was not assessed in the latter study.…”

Section: Bd and Comorbid Sudsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, adolescents/young adults (12–21 years) with BD and comorbid cannabis use disorders (n=25; 7 of whom also had comorbid alcohol abuse/dependence) were observed to have decreases in functional responses of the amygdala, shown to be excessive in adolescents with BD without comorbidity (Bitter et al 2014). However, tobacco use was not examined in either of these studies and GMV was not assessed in the latter study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain circuitry associated with the development of substance use in bipolar disorder and preliminary evidence for sexual dimorphism in adolescents

Lippard

Mazure

Johnston

et al. 2016

J of Neuroscience Research

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Substance use disorders (SUDs) and mood disorders are highly comorbid and confer a high risk for adverse outcomes. However, data are limited on the neurodevelopmental basis of this comorbidity. Substance use initiation typically occurs during adolescence and sex-specific developmental mechanisms are implicated. In this preliminary study we review the literature and investigate regional gray matter volume (GMV) associated with subsequent substance use problems in adolescents with bipolar disorder (BD) and explore these associations for females and males. Thirty DSM-IV diagnosed BD adolescents with minimal alcohol/substance exposure completed baseline structural magnetic resonance imaging scans. At follow-up (on average 6 years post-baseline), subjects were administered the CRAFFT interview and categorized into those scoring at high (>2: CRAFFTHIGH) versus low (<2: CRAFFTLOW) risk for alcohol/substance problems. Lower GMV in prefrontal, insular, and temporopolar cortices were observed at baseline among adolescents with BD reporting subsequent alcohol and cannabis use compared to adolescents with BD who did not (p<0.005, clusters >20 voxels). Lower dorsolateral prefrontal GMV was associated with future substance use in both females and males. In females, lower orbitofrontal and insula GMV was associated with future substance use; while in males, lower rostral prefrontal GMV was associated with future use. Lower orbitofrontal, insular and temporopolar GMV was observed in those who transitioned to smoking tobacco. Findings indicate GMV development is associated with risk for future substance use problems in adolescents with BD, with results implicating GMV development in regions subserving emotional regulation in females and regions subserving executive processes and attention in males.

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Section: Neuroanatomical Factors Associated With Substance Use Problementioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Bd and Comorbid Sudsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Brain circuitry associated with the development of substance use in bipolar disorder and preliminary evidence for sexual dimorphism in adolescents

Lippard

Mazure

Johnston

et al. 2016

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…Another overlapping and limiting aspects were the high percentage of comorbid conduct disorder and cannabis use disorder in patient population. As literature suggests the strong interlink of BD with conduct disorder [58][59][60] and cannabis use disorder [61,62], thorough studies are needed in such BD population by excluding the comorbidities. A recent study reported the fluctuations in the discharge medications dosing and length of stay in adult BD population using cannabis and synthetic cannabis [63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Child-adolescent Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Mohite

Sharma

et al. 2020

Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci

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Objective: Previous studies have indicated a convergent and bidirectional relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and bipolar disorder (BD). As most of these studies focused mainly on adults diagnosed with BD, our study aims to investigate and characterize metabolic disturbances in child-adolescents diagnosed with BD. Methods: We retrospectively examined the medical records of psychiatric hospitalizations with admitting diagnosis of BD in child-adolescents (age ＜ 18 years). Body mass index (BMI), lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, and blood pressure were primary variables. National Cholesterol Education Program criteria were used to define MetS. Reference group data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study. Statistical analyses included t tests, chi-square tests, and Fisher's exact tests. Results: We identified 140 child-adolescent patients with BD (mean age = 15.12 ± 1.70 years, 53% male). MetS was significantly more common in BD compared to the reference group: 14% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 8−20) vs. 6.7% (95% CI 4.1−9.2), p = 0.001 with no significant difference by sex. MetS components were higher in the BD group, particularly BMI ≥ 95% (25% vs. 11.8%, p ＜ 0.001) and high blood pressure (17% vs. 8%, p = 0.05). Moreover, female patients had lower odds of high blood pressure (odds ratio = 0.24 [95% CI 0.08−0.69], p = 0.005). Conclusion: Compared with the general child-adolescent population, the prevalence of MetS was significantly higher in patients with BD of same age. This reiterates the notion of an increased risk of MetS in patients diagnosed with BD; and thus, further exploration is warranted.

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“…Hyperactivities of the right amygdala, left nucleus accumbens, and bilateral thalamus have been reported in non-cannabis using, adolescent bipolar individuals, whereas this over-activation is reduced in BD patients who are comorbid cannabis consumers. These interesting findings raised the question of whether cannabis use alters the functionality of brain areas involved in emotional processing and reward in BD subjects or whether differences are due to the presence of unique endophenotypes (Bitter et al, 2014).…”

Section: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bipolar disorder and the endocannabinoid system

Arjmand

Behzadi

Kohlmeier

et al. 2019

Acta Neuropsychiatr.

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ObjectiveBipolar disorder (BD) is a debilitating, lifelong neuropsychiatric illness characterised by unsteady mood states which vacillate from (hypo)mania to depression. Despite the availability of pharmaceutical agents which can be effective in ameliorating the acute affective symptoms and prevent episodic relapse, BD is inadequately treated in a subset of patients. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is known to exert neuromodulatory effects on other neurotransmitter systems critical in governing emotions. Several studies ranging from clinical to molecular, as well as anecdotal evidence, have placed a spotlight on the potential role of the ECS in the pathophysiology of BD. In this perspective, we present advantages and disadvantages of cannabis use in the management of illness course of BD and provide mechanistic insights into how this system might contribute to the pathophysiology of BD.ResultsWe highlight the putative role of selective cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonists in BD and briefly discuss findings which provide a rationale for targeting the ECS to assuage the symptoms of BD. Further, data encourage basic and clinical studies to determine how cannabis and cannabinoids (CBs) can affect mood and to investigate emerging CB-based options as probable treatment approaches.ConclusionThe probable role of the ECS has been almost neglected in BD; however, from data available which suggest a role of ECS in mood control, it is justified to support conducting comprehensive studies to determine whether ECS manipulation could positively affect BD. Based on the limited available data, we suggest that activation of CB2 may stabilise mood in this disorder.

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Neurofunctional changes in adolescent cannabis users with and without bipolar disorder

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Brain circuitry associated with the development of substance use in bipolar disorder and preliminary evidence for sexual dimorphism in adolescents

Brain circuitry associated with the development of substance use in bipolar disorder and preliminary evidence for sexual dimorphism in adolescents

Higher Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Child-adolescent Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder and the endocannabinoid system

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