Neurofilament localization and phosphorylation in the developing inner ear of the rat

Tonnaer, E.L.G.M.; Peters, Theo; Curfs, J.H.A.J.

doi:10.1016/j.heares.2010.03.090

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…In the utricle, the hair cell layer was identified by the intense staining, using RT97, of neurofilaments below the hair cells and within the Type I hair cell calyces (Fig. 1F,G), matching closely with previous descriptions of this staining pattern (Dechesne et al, 1994; Tonnaer et al 2010). The blue X-gal staining included the entire hair cell area, although the individual hair cells were obscure in our preparations.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…We also performed X-gal staining on cochlear sections to show GluK5 expression distribution in the cochlear ganglion and vestibular organ in adult (1.5 months of age). Here we co-stained using DAB to visualize the immunoreactivity of anti-neurofilament kDa antibody (clone RT97) to discriminate type I/type II cochlear ganglion cells or show the vestibular hair cell layer, because the cytoplasm of type II ganglion cells and calyces of type I vestibular hair cells labels intensely with RT97, whereas the cytoplasm of type I ganglion cells labels weakly (Dau and Wenthold, 1989; Romand, et al, 1988; Dechesne et al, 1994; Tonnaer et al 2010). In the spiral ganglion, both type I (arrowheads) and type II (arrows) cells showed reactivity (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localization of kainate receptors in inner and outer hair cell synapses

et al. 2014

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Glutamate plays a role in hair cell afferent transmission, but the receptors that mediate neurotransmission between outer hair cells (OHCs) and type II ganglion neurons are not well defined. A previous study using in situ hybridization showed that several kainate-type glutamate receptor (KAR) subunits are expressed in cochlear ganglion neurons. To determine whether KARs are expressed in hair cell synapses, we performed X-gal staining on mice expressing lacZ driven by the GluK5 promoter, and immunolabeling of glutamate receptors in whole-mount mammalian cochleae. X-gal staining revealed GluK5 expression in both type I and type II ganglion neurons and OHCs in adults. OHCs showed X-gal reactivity throughout maturation from postnatal day 4 (P4) to 1.5 months. Immunoreactivity for GluK5 in IHC afferent synapses appeared to be postsynaptic, similar to GluA2 (GluR2; AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR) subunit), while GluK2 may be on both sides of the synapses. In OHC afferent synapses, immunoreactivity for GluK2 and GluK5 was found, although GluK2 was only in those synapses bearing ribbons. GluA2 was not detected in adult OHC afferent synapses. Interestingly, GluK1, GluK2 and GluK5 were also detected in OHC efferent synapses, forming several active zones in each synaptic area. At P8, GluA2 and all KAR subunits except GluK4 were detected in OHC afferent synapses in the apical turn, and GluA2, GluK1, GluK3 decreased dramatically in the basal turn. These results indicate that AMPARs and KARs (GluK2/GluK5) are localized to IHC afferent synapses, while only KARs (GluK2/GluK5) are localized to OHC afferent synapses in adults. Glutamate spillover near OHCs may act on KARs in OHC efferent terminals to modulate transmission of acoustic information and OHC electromotility.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of kainate receptors in inner and outer hair cell synapses

et al. 2014

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“…In the developing nervous system, the neurofilament triplet proteins are sequentially expressed, with the light and medium molecular weight subunits appearing first in immature neurons, followed by the later expression of the heavy molecular weight subunit in more mature neurons (Shaw and Weber, 1982; Carden et al, 1987). A similar pattern of expression has been observed in the developing mammalian cochleae with the stage-specific expression of NFL and NFM prior to NFH (Hafidi et al, 1990; Tonnaer et al, 2010). …”

Section: Cytoskeletal Properties Of the Spiral Ganglion Neuronssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…This result is consistent with earlier studies (Carden et al, 1987), in which the first expression of NFL and NFM was identified at embryonic day 12 after early differentiation events in the developing rat brain. In addition, this study illustrated that non-phosphorylated NFH proteins could be partially detected in the spiral ganglion neurons from embryonic day 18, but phosphorylated NFH epitopes were not detected after birth (Tonnaer et al, 2010). It is noteworthy that the expression of the neurofilament proteins follows a basal to apical gradient (Tonnaer et al, 2010), which coincides with the general spatiotemporal pattern of differentiation, innervation and development in the developing mammalian cochlea (Pirvola et al, 1991; Rubel and Fritzsch, 2002).…”

Section: Cytoskeletal Properties Of the Spiral Ganglion Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…A more recent study comparing phosphorylation dependent and independent monoclonal antibodies for the neurofilament protein triplet detected the first expression of NFL in the rat spiral ganglion at embryonic day 12 (Tonnaer et al, 2010). This result is consistent with earlier studies (Carden et al, 1987), in which the first expression of NFL and NFM was identified at embryonic day 12 after early differentiation events in the developing rat brain.…”

Section: Cytoskeletal Properties Of the Spiral Ganglion Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The spiral ganglion: Connecting the peripheral and central auditory systems

2011

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In mammals, the initial bridge between the physical world of sound and perception of that sound is established by neurons of the spiral ganglion. The cell bodies of these neurons give rise to peripheral processes that contact acoustic receptors in the organ of Corti, and the central processes collect together to form the auditory nerve that projects into the brain. In order to better understand hearing at this initial stage, we need to know the following about spiral ganglion neurons: (1) their cell biology including cytoplasmic, cytoskeletal, and membrane properties, (2) their peripheral and central connections including synaptic structure; (3) the nature of their neural signaling; and (4) their capacity for plasticity and rehabilitation. In this report, we will update the progress on these topics and indicate important issues still awaiting resolution.

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Neuronal development in the cochlea of a nonhuman primate model, the common marmoset

Fujioka

Murayama

Ozawa

et al. 2021

Developmental Neurobiology

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Precise cochlear neuronal development is vital to hearing ability. Understanding the developmental process of the spiral ganglion is useful for studying hearing loss aimed at aging or regenerative therapy. Although interspecies differences have been reported between rodents and humans, to date, most of our knowledge about the development of cochlear neuronal development has been obtained from rodent models because of the difficulty in using human fetal samples in this field. In this study, we investigated cochlear neuronal development in a small New World monkey species, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). We examined more than 25 genes involved in the neuronal development of the cochlea and described the critical developmental steps of these neurons. We also revealed similarities and differences between previously reported rodent models and this primate animal model. Our results clarified that this animal model of cochlear neuronal development is more similar to humans than rodents and is suitable as an alternative for the analysis of human cochlear development. The time course established in this report will be a useful tool for studying primate‐specific neuronal biology of the inner ear, which could eventually lead to new treatment strategies for human hearing loss.

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Neurofilament localization and phosphorylation in the developing inner ear of the rat

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Localization of kainate receptors in inner and outer hair cell synapses

Localization of kainate receptors in inner and outer hair cell synapses

The spiral ganglion: Connecting the peripheral and central auditory systems

Neuronal development in the cochlea of a nonhuman primate model, the common marmoset

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