Neuroendocrinology: Mechanisms by Which Hormones Affect Behaviors

Pfaff, Donald W.; Tetel, Marc J.; Schober, Justine M.

doi:10.1002/9780470478509.neubb001007

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…In future studies, it will be important to determine if SRC-2 is coexpressed with other steroid receptors, including ERβ, PR, AR and GR. The present findings provide neuroanatomical evidence suggesting that SRC-2 functions in ERα action in brain regions discussed above that are known to be involved in a variety of functions, including reproduction (Pfaff et al, 2009), stress (Krishnan and Nestler, 2008), circadian rhythms (Silver et al, 1996; Hastings et al, 2008), metabolism (King, 2006; Musatov et al, 2007) and cognition (Fugger et al, 2000; Bodo and Rissman, 2006). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…The ovarian steroid hormones, estradiol and progesterone, act in the brain to profoundly influence a variety of physiological and behavioral events, including development, cognition, and reproduction (Blaustein and Mani, 2006; Pfaff et al, 2009). Estradiol and progesterone elicit many of these biological effects by binding to receptors for estrogens (ER) and progestins (PR), respectively, in specific brain regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steroid receptor coactivator-2 expression in brain and physical associations with steroid receptors

Yore

Webb

et al. 2010

Neuroscience

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Estradiol and progesterone bind to their respective receptors in the hypothalamus and hippocampus to influence a variety of behavioral and physiological functions, including reproduction and cognition. Work from our lab and others has shown that the nuclear receptor coactivators, steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) and SRC-2, are essential for efficient estrogen receptor (ER) and progestin receptor (PR) transcriptional activity in brain and for hormone-dependent behaviors. While the expression of SRC-1 in brain has been studied extensively, little is known about the expression of SRC-2 in brain. In the present studies, we found that SRC-2 was highly expressed throughout the hippocampus, amygdala and hypothalamus, including the medial preoptic area (MPOA), ventral medial nucleus (VMN), arcuate nucleus (ARC), bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, supraoptic nucleus and suprachiasmatic nucleus. In order for coactivators to function with steroid receptors, they must be expressed in the same cells. Indeed, SRC-2 and ERα were coexpressed in many cells in the MPOA, VMN and ARC, all brain regions known to be involved in female reproductive behavior and physiology. While in vitro studies indicate that SRC-2 physically associates with ER and PR, very little is known about receptor-coactivator interactions in brain. Therefore, we used pull-down assays to test the hypotheses that SRC-2 from hypothalamic and hippocampal tissue physically associate with ER and PR subtypes in a ligand-dependent manner. SRC-2 from both brain regions interacted with ERα bound to agonist, but not in the absence of ligand or in the presence of the selective ER modulator, tamoxifen. Analysis by mass spectrometry confirmed these ligand-dependent interactions between ERα and SRC-2 from brain. In dramatic contrast, SRC-2 from brain showed little to no interaction with ERβ. Interestingly, SRC-2 from both brain regions interacted with PR-B, but not PR-A, in a ligand-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings reveal that SRC-2 is expressed in brain regions known to mediate a variety of steroid-dependent functions. Furthermore, SRC-2 is expressed in many ERα containing cells in the hypothalamus. Finally, SRC-2 from brain interacts with ER and PR in a subtype-specific manner, which may contribute to the functional differences of these steroid receptor subtypes in brain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid receptor coactivator-2 expression in brain and physical associations with steroid receptors

Yore

Webb

et al. 2010

Neuroscience

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“…Early proponents of Evolutionary Psychology did not apply the lens of their empirical scrutiny onto modern political attitudes. However, the theory combined with recent methods used in genetics, psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, and biology now offers testable hypotheses to identify predictors of political behavior (e.g., Eaves and Eysenck 1974;Eaves 1977Eaves , 1979Eaves et al 1978;Dawson, Shell and Filion 2005;Jinks and Fulker 1970;Knutson et al 2006;Kordon, Pfaff, and Christen 2008;Madsen 1985;Neale and Cardon 1992;Oxley et al 2008 Pfaff, Tetel andSchober 2008).…”

Section: Moving From Human Universals To Individual Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution as a Theory For Political Behavior

Hatemi¹,

McDermott²

2011

Man Is by Nature a Political Animal

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The recognition of biological differences as an important explanatory and predictive element in political behavior has created the need to integrate various models from a variety of fields into a more cohesive theoretical framework. The ostensibly perplexing coexistence of individual differences in the face of universal human design needs to be reconciled. Here we introduce evolution as a theory of political behavior, which allows for the combination of familial socialization, cultural norms, environmental stimuli, rational action and endogenous or innate influences.

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Nuclear Receptor Coactivators Are Coexpressed with Steroid Receptors and Regulated by Estradiol in Mouse Brain

et al. 2011

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Background/Aims: The steroid hormones, including estradiol (E) and progesterone, act in the brain to regulate female reproductive behavior and physiology. These hormones mediate many of their biological effects by binding to their respective intracellular receptors. The receptors for estrogens (ER) and progestins (PR) interact with nuclear receptor coactivators to initiate transcription of steroid-responsive genes. Work from our laboratory and others reveals that nuclear receptor coactivators, including steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) and SRC-2, function in brain to modulate ER-mediated induction of the PR gene and hormone-dependent behaviors. In order for steroid receptors and coactivators to function together, both must be expressed in the same cells. Methods: Triple-label immunofluorescence was used to determine if E-induced PR cells also express SRC-1 or SRC-2 in reproductively relevant brain regions of the female mouse. Results: The majority of E-induced PR cells in the medial preoptic area (61%), ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (63%) and arcuate nucleus (76%) coexpressed both SRC-1 and SRC-2. A smaller proportion of PR cells expressed either SRC-1 or SRC-2, while a few PR cells expressed neither coactivator. In addition, compared to control animals, 17β-estradiol benzoate (EB) treatment increased SRC-1 levels in the arcuate nucleus, but not the medial preoptic area or the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus. EB did not alter SRC-2 expression in any of the three brain regions analyzed. Conclusions: Taken together, the present findings identify a population of cells in which steroid receptors and nuclear receptor coactivators may interact to modulate steroid sensitivity in brain and regulate hormone-dependent behaviors in female mice. Given that cell culture studies reveal that SRC-1 and SRC-2 can mediate distinct steroid-signaling pathways, the present findings suggest that steroids can produce a variety of complex responses in these specialized brain cells.

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Neuroendocrinology: Mechanisms by Which Hormones Affect Behaviors

Cited by 3 publications

References 96 publications

Steroid receptor coactivator-2 expression in brain and physical associations with steroid receptors

Steroid receptor coactivator-2 expression in brain and physical associations with steroid receptors

Evolution as a Theory For Political Behavior

Nuclear Receptor Coactivators Are Coexpressed with Steroid Receptors and Regulated by Estradiol in Mouse Brain

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