Neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction in birds and clinical applications of GnRH analogues in birds and mammals

Ottinger, Mary Ann; Wu, Julie M.; Pelican, Katharine M.

doi:10.1053/saep.2002.122896

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Fifth, we restricted all data sets to measurements on adult birds only. We used this criterion because hormone levels are likely to fluctuate during early developmental stages as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal axis of chicks and juveniles are still under development (Ottinger, Wu & Pelican 2002;Rensel, Boughton & Schoech 2010;Schmidt et al 2014). Thus, studies on chicks or juveniles would have given incomparable hormone measurements with regard to the hormone levels of adults.…”

Section: N C L U S I O N a N D E X C L U S I O N C R I T E R I Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic rates, and not hormone levels, are a likely mediator of between‐individual differences in behaviour: a meta‐analysis

2016

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Summary Consistent individual differences in hormone levels and metabolic rates have been proposed to be potential state variables underlying consistent individual differences in behaviour (i.e. animal personality). However, it remains unclear whether either one alone or both of these potential state variables could be an underlying driver of animal personality. We address this question using meta‐analyses of published data from bird species. We hypothesized that state variables that mediate individual differences in behaviour would display similar or higher repeatability estimates than behavioural traits. To test this hypothesis, we quantified repeatability estimates of hormone levels, metabolic rates and behavioural traits. We found moderate to high mean repeatability estimates for both metabolic rates and behavioural traits, but low repeatability estimates for hormone levels. These findings indicate that metabolic rates likely represent an important mechanism for generating adaptive personality differences in behaviour. We also show that: (i) for hormones and behaviour, repeatability decreased with increasing interval time between two measurements; (ii) males and females differed in repeatability for behavioural traits; (iii) stress‐induced hormone levels were more repeatable than baseline levels. Future studies are now required to determine the direction of the association between metabolic rates and behavioural traits. At the same time, these studies should try to investigate which of the proposed mechanisms is responsible for the relationship between state variable and state‐dependent behaviour. In addition, we encourage researchers to report the coefficient of variation for between‐individual variance (CVB) along with repeatability estimates because these two indices carry different information. We discuss how CVB may better facilitate future comparative studies, including meta‐analyses. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.12779/suppinfo is available for this article.

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Section: N C L U S I O N a N D E X C L U S I O N C R I T E R I Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic rates, and not hormone levels, are a likely mediator of between‐individual differences in behaviour: a meta‐analysis

2016

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“…Although no scientific studies have been performed into the effect of this implant in birds, use of these implants or similar hormones (e.g. leuprolide acetate) in birds to treat reproductive disease or hypersexual behaviors has been reported . A change in our bird's behavior was noted by the owner within a few days after placement of the implant, which together with behavioral modification, appeared to manage the hypersexual behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Incisional Colopexy for Treatment of Chronic, Recurrent Colocloacal Prolapse in a Sulphur‐Crested Cockatoo (Cacatua galerita)

2014

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“…It is well-established that Gnrh is a major regulator of reproduction in many species of vertebrates [ 1 , 32 – 34 ], including zebrafish [ 12 ]. Gnrh3 is the hypophysiotropic form in zebrafish [ 9 , 11 , 35 ], and the elimination of Gnrh3-expressing cells during early zebrafish development (4–6 dpf) results in infertility [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted Mutagenesis of the Hypophysiotropic Gnrh3 in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Reveals No Effects on Reproductive Performance

et al. 2016

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Gnrh is the major neuropeptide regulator of vertebrate reproduction, triggering a cascade of events in the pituitary-gonadal axis that result in reproductive competence. Previous research in mice and humans has demonstrated that Gnrh/GNRH null mutations result in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and infertility. The goal of this study was to eliminate gnrh3 (the hypophysiotropic Gnrh form) function in zebrafish (Danio rerio) to determine how ontogeny and reproductive performance are affected, as well as factors downstream of Gnrh3 along the reproductive axis. Using the TALEN technology, we developed a gnrh3-/- zebrafish line that harbors a 62 bp deletion in the gnrh3 gene. Our gnrh3-/- zebrafish line represents the first targeted and heritable mutation of a Gnrh isoform in any organism. Using immunohistochemistry, we verified that gnrh3-/- fish do not possess Gnrh3 peptide in any regions of the brain. However, other than changes in mRNA levels of pituitary gonadotropin genes (fshb, lhb, and cga) during early development, which are corrected by adulthood, there were no changes in ontogeny and reproduction in gnrh3-/- fish. The gnrh3-/- zebrafish are fertile, displaying normal gametogenesis and reproductive performance in males and females. Together with our previous results that Gnrh3 cell ablation causes infertility, these results indicate that a compensatory mechanism is being activated, which is probably primed early on upon Gnrh3 neuron differentiation and possibly confined to Gnrh3 neurons. Potential compensation factors and sensitive windows of time for compensation during development and puberty should be explored.

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Neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction in birds and clinical applications of GnRH analogues in birds and mammals

Cited by 27 publications

References 59 publications

Metabolic rates, and not hormone levels, are a likely mediator of between‐individual differences in behaviour: a meta‐analysis

Metabolic rates, and not hormone levels, are a likely mediator of between‐individual differences in behaviour: a meta‐analysis

Incisional Colopexy for Treatment of Chronic, Recurrent Colocloacal Prolapse in a Sulphur‐Crested Cockatoo (Cacatua galerita)

Targeted Mutagenesis of the Hypophysiotropic Gnrh3 in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Reveals No Effects on Reproductive Performance

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