Neuroendocrine Peptides of the Gut and Their Role in the Regulation of Food Intake

Schalla, Martha A.; Taché, Yvette; Stengel, Andreas

doi:10.1002/cphy.c200007

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 620 publications

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“…This family also contains several mammalian neuropeptides, such as NPY and peptide YY (PYY). In particular, PYY is a well-known enteroendocrine hormone that acts on the hypothalamus and suppresses food intake ( Schalla et al, 2021 ), whereas the precise function of PYY in maintenance or proliferation of stem cells in mammals has not yet been elucidated.…”

Section: Humoral Factors That Transmit Mating Stimuli To Female Germline Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When D. melanogaster is reared on food that excludes sugar, intestinal NPF secretion is suppressed, and NPF release is induced by sugar refeeding. When intestinal NPF function is suppressed, D. melanogaster exhibits various metabolic dysfunction such as, lipodystrophy, hyperphagia, and hypoglycemia ( Yoshinari et al, 2021 ), which is partly reminiscent of the function of mammalian PYY ( Schalla et al, 2021 ). This sugar-dependent NPF release is partly mediated by the sugar transporter Sut1, which is expressed in NPF-positive EECs.…”

Section: Remaining Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Mating-Induced Increase in Female Germline Stem Cells in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster

Hoshino

Niwa

2021

Front. Physiol.

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In many insect species, mating stimuli can lead to changes in various behavioral and physiological responses, including feeding, mating refusal, egg-laying behavior, energy demand, and organ remodeling, which are collectively known as the post-mating response. Recently, an increase in germline stem cells (GSCs) has been identified as a new post-mating response in both males and females of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. We have extensively studied mating-induced increase in female GSCs of D. melanogaster at the molecular, cellular, and systemic levels. After mating, the male seminal fluid peptide [e.g. sex peptide (SP)] is transferred to the female uterus. This is followed by binding to the sex peptide receptor (SPR), which evokes post-mating responses, including increase in number of female GSCs. Downstream of SP-SPR signaling, the following three hormones and neurotransmitters have been found to act on female GSC niche cells to regulate mating-induced increase in female GSCs: (1) neuropeptide F, a peptide hormone produced in enteroendocrine cells; (2) octopamine, a monoaminergic neurotransmitter synthesized in ovary-projecting neurons; and (3) ecdysone, a steroid hormone produced in ovarian follicular cells. These humoral factors are secreted from each organ and are received by ovarian somatic cells and regulate the strength of niche signaling in female GSCs. This review provides an overview of the latest findings on the inter-organ relationship to regulate mating-induced female GSC increase in D. melanogaster as a model. We also discuss the remaining issues that should be addressed in the future.

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Section: Humoral Factors That Transmit Mating Stimuli To Female Germline Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Remaining Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Mating-Induced Increase in Female Germline Stem Cells in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster

Hoshino

Niwa

2021

Front. Physiol.

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“…The Arc contains two functionally opposite subpopulations of neurons, enabling crosstalk between the hypothalamus nuclei, the brainstem centers, and the peripheral organ substances ( Timper and Brüning, 2017 ). One orexigenic neuron subpopulation secretes neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP), while the other subpopulation produces anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) ( Schalla et al, 2021 ). NPY through the Y1 and Y5 receptors and AgRP as an antagonist of α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) stimulate the appetite and decrease energy expenditure ( Clark et al, 1984 ; Rossi et al, 1998 ; Yulyaningsih et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Energy Balance and Appetite Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…POMC releases α-MSH, an agonist of the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), which decreases food consumption and increases energy use (Fan et al, 1997;Abbott et al, 2000). The NPY/AgRP and POMC/CART neurons are defined as first-order neurons in response to peripheral and brain inputs and project to second-order neurons located in other hypothalamic nuclei (PVN, VMH, LHA, DMH) or the brainstem (Roh and Kim, 2016;Schalla et al, 2021).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Energy Balance and Appetite Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Peptides as Potential Players in the Crosstalk Between the Brain and Obesity, Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases

2021

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According to the World Health Organization report published in 2016, 650 million people worldwide suffer from obesity, almost three times more than in 1975. Obesity is defined as excessive fat accumulation which may impair health with non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke), and some cancers. Despite medical advances, cardiovascular complications are still the leading causes of death arising from obesity. Excessive fat accumulation is caused by the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. The pathogenesis of this process is complex and not fully understood, but current research is focused on the role of the complex crosstalk between the central nervous system (CNS), neuroendocrine and immune system including the autonomic nervous system, adipose tissue, digestive and cardiovascular systems. Additionally, special attention has been paid to newly discovered substances: neuropeptide 26RFa, preptin, and adropin. It was shown that the above peptides are synthesized both in numerous structures of the CNS and in many peripheral organs and tissues, such as the heart, adipose tissue, and the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, particular attention has been paid to the role of the presented peptides in the pathogenesis of obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular system diseases. This review summarizes the role of newly investigated peptides in the crosstalk between brain and peripheral organs in the pathogenesis of obesity, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases.

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“…There are also numerous pathways upregulated by EWS/FLI that are not specific to MSCs but promote cell growth, nonetheless. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone with critical roles in satiety regulation, bile release, bile production, and digestion [158] . It is also highly expressed in several cancers, Ewing sarcoma among them [79] , [159] , [160] .…”

Section: Inhibiting Downstream Targets Of Ews/flimentioning

confidence: 99%

One oncogene, several vulnerabilities: EWS/FLI targeted therapies for Ewing sarcoma

Flores

Grohar

2021

Journal of Bone Oncology

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Highlights EWS/FLI is the driver oncogene of Ewing sarcoma. EWS-FLI driven transcription yields numerous therapeutic vulnerabilities. The intrinsic cellular stress of dysregulated transcription leads to additional therapeutic vulnerabilities. A number of compounds targeting various steps in EWS/FLI driven transcription are in various stages of clinical development including those that are now in the clinic. The future of EWS/FLI targeting will likely focus on molecularly targeted combination therapies.

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Neuroendocrine Peptides of the Gut and Their Role in the Regulation of Food Intake

Cited by 16 publications

References 620 publications

Regulation of Mating-Induced Increase in Female Germline Stem Cells in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster

Regulation of Mating-Induced Increase in Female Germline Stem Cells in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster

New Peptides as Potential Players in the Crosstalk Between the Brain and Obesity, Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases

One oncogene, several vulnerabilities: EWS/FLI targeted therapies for Ewing sarcoma

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