Neuroendocrine Neoplasm of the Breast Presenting as a Liver Metastasis: A Rare Diagnostic Challenge

Masab, Muhammad; Gross, Alexander; Flanagan, Melina; Goldberg, Richard M.; Malla, Midhun

doi:10.7759/cureus.16860

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Numerous papers have been published through the years describing NE breast tumours (Table 1). 13,20,30,32–69 There is variation in how these tumours were defined and diagnosed, with some equating invasive breast carcinoma with NE differentiation as NEN/NET while others conform to the recently endorsed terminology for NEN, 9 with only rare reports of ‘carcinoids’. NECs form a significant proportion of these publications.…”

Section: Not Against (Puay Hoon Tan)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Head to head: do neuroendocrine tumours in the breast truly exist?

Rakha

Tan

2022

Histopathology

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Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease with a spectrum of morphological features. Concepts of histogenesis and differentiation in BC remain controversial. Recent evidence supports differentiation rather than histogenesis as the underlying mechanism for the myriad morphological appearances of BC. Prognosis and response to therapy are determined by a combination of factors, including tumour grade, stage and receptor status, whereas tumour histological types play an independent role in only limited examples. Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) comprise one of the most debated entities in the breast since their first description. Apart from the rare small‐cell NE carcinoma (NEC), which has well‐characterized features similar to their counterparts in other organs, the true existence, diagnostic criteria and clinical significance of NE neoplasms (NENs) in the breast are shrouded in controversy. At the core of this discussion is whether normal NE cells exist in the breast, and if breast NETs have distinct morphology and clinical behaviour. When NETs are encountered in the breast, metastatic origin has to be excluded. The more frequent situation in which NE differentiation is observed in breast cancers is in the context of recognizable, morphologically well‐described special‐type neoplasms such as the hypercellular mucinous carcinoma and solid papillary carcinoma. In this review, arguments for and against maintaining the category of NENs in the breast are articulated in relation to existing literature on this group of unusual tumours.

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Section: Not Against (Puay Hoon Tan)mentioning

confidence: 99%