Neuroendocrine GPCR Signaling

Background: The Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is a popular domestic poultry species and an increasingly significant model species in avian developmental, behavioural and disease research. Results: We have produced a high-quality quail genome sequence, spanning 0.93 Gb assigned to 33 chromosomes. In terms of contiguity, assembly statistics, gene content and chromosomal organisation, the quail genome shows high similarity to the chicken genome. We demonstrate the utility of this genome through three diverse applications. First, we identify selection signatures and candidate genes associated with social behaviour in the quail genome, an important agricultural and domestication trait. Second, we investigate the effects and interaction of photoperiod and temperature on the transcriptome of the quail medial basal hypothalamus, revealing key mechanisms of photoperiodism. Finally, we investigate the response of quail to H5N1 influenza infection. In quail lung, many critical immune genes and pathways were downregulated after H5N1 infection, and this may be key to the susceptibility of quail to H5N1. Conclusions: We have produced a high-quality genome of the quail which will facilitate further studies into diverse research questions using the quail as a model avian species.

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“…2g). TSHβ itself binds to the GPCR THR [76]. G-protein signalling is also critical for opsin signalling [77].…”

Section: A Model For Avian Seasonal Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The quail genome: insights into social behaviour, seasonal biology and infectious disease response

et al. 2020

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“…2G). TSHβ itself binds to the GPCR THR (Millar et al 2012). G-protein signalling is also critical for opsin signalling (Shichida et al 2009).…”

Section: A Model For Avian Seasonal Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The quail as an avian model system: its genome provides insights into social behaviour, seasonal biology and infectious disease response

Morris

Hindle

Boitard

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is a popular domestic poultry species and an increasingly significant model species in avian developmental, behavioural and disease research. We have produced a high-quality quail genome sequence, spanning 0.93 Gb assigned to 33 chromosomes. In terms of contiguity, assembly statistics, gene content and chromosomal organization, the quail genome shows high similarity to the chicken genome.We demonstrate the utility of this genome through three diverse applications. First, we identify selection signatures and candidate genes associated with social behaviour in the quail genome, an important agricultural and domestication trait. Second, we investigate the effects and interaction of photoperiod and temperature on the transcriptome of the quail medial basal hypothalamus, revealing key mechanisms of photoperiodism. Finally, we investigate the response of quail to H5N1 influenza infection. In quail lung, many critical immune genes and pathways were downregulated, and this may be key to the susceptibility of quail to H5N1.This genome will facilitate further research into diverse research questions using the quail as a model avian species. 1 All species-specific gene annotation metrics derived from the NCBI RefSeq database.

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“…Thus, under the continuous administration of TAK-683 it is plausible that GnRH neurons become insensitive to endogenous Kp pulses. Investigations in mouse GnRH neurons and KISS1R-expressing CHO cells suggest that KISS1R desensitization occurs within 12 h. A potential mechanism of KISS1R desensitization may involve receptor internalization and subsequent reduction in cell surface KISS1R, uncoupling to G proteins, altered downstream signaling, or ubiquitination [69,70] . In in vivo experiments, continuous Kp-10 infusion in monkeys induced abrupt elevations in LH levels for a few hours [59] .…”

Section: Desensitization Of Gnrh Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects and Therapeutic Potentials of Kisspeptin Analogs: Regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis

Matsui¹,

Asami

2014

Neuroendocrinology

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The hypothalamic peptide kisspeptin (metastin), the endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor KISS1R, plays a critical role in controlling GnRH release from hypothalamic GnRH neurons and thereby regulates hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal functions. Although the therapeutic potential of kisspeptin is attractive, its susceptibility to proteolytic degradation limits its utility. To overcome this, KISS1R agonists or antagonists as peptide analogs or small molecules have been investigated. Kisspeptin analogs have been most extensively studied by reducing the length of the peptide from the original 54 amino acids to 10 amino acids or less and by substituting key amino acid residues. Also, 2 investigational kisspeptin agonist analogs have been evaluated in clinical studies in men; in agreement with animal studies, abrupt elevations in gonadotropin and testosterone levels were observed as an acute effect, followed by rapid reductions in these hormones as a chronic effect. Some studies of small-molecule KISS1R antagonists have also been published. In this review, we present a brief overview on kisspeptin/KISS1R physiology in reproductive functions and summarize the available knowledge of both agonists and antagonists. We also focus on the kisspeptin agonist analogs by summarizing key pharmacological findings from both clinical and preclinical studies, and discuss their potential therapeutic utility.

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Neuroendocrine GPCR Signaling

Cited by 5 publications

References 253 publications

The quail genome: insights into social behaviour, seasonal biology and infectious disease response

The quail genome: insights into social behaviour, seasonal biology and infectious disease response

The quail as an avian model system: its genome provides insights into social behaviour, seasonal biology and infectious disease response

Effects and Therapeutic Potentials of Kisspeptin Analogs: Regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis

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