Neuroendocrine differentiation is not prognostic of failure after radical prostatectomy but correlates with tumor volume

Ahlegren, G; Pedersen, Katja Venborg; Lundberg, Susanne; Aus, Gunnar; Hugosson, Jonas; Abrahamsson, Per‐Anders

doi:10.1016/s0090-4295(00)00838-4

Cited by 45 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…11 Similar controversy exists between CgA and tumor characteristics, [10][11][12] and CgA does not appear to be prognostic of disease recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiation therapy. 13,14 Inconsistencies may be explained by the fact that while most CaPs are characterized by NE differentiation, it is a transient and reversible process and thus NE markers may not always be detectable and a subset may have no NE differentiation. In addition, different patient cohorts and various methodological approaches may explain these observations.…”

Section: Markers Of Neuroendocrine Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond prostate-specific antigen: alternate serum markers

Ramírez

Nelson

Evans

2008

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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Section: Markers Of Neuroendocrine Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond prostate-specific antigen: alternate serum markers

Ramírez

Nelson

Evans

2008

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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“…Prostate neuroendocrine cells do not contain androgen receptors or produce PSA; thus hormone-refractory disease could be detected earlier in a population of men with apparently normal PSA levels than is currently possible. Whereas GRN-A does not appear to be prognostic of disease recurrence after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy (46,47), one report links elevated serum levels to response to estramustine therapy (48). Two significant weakness of GRN-A as a marker are that not all prostate tumors contain neuroendocrine cells and that GRN-A is unable to detect very early stage disease.…”

Section: Candidate Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Prostate Cancer and Predicting Progression

Tricoli

Schoenfeldt

Conley

2004

Clinical Cancer Research

151

105

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Carcinoma of the prostate is the second leading cause of male cancer-related death in the United States. Better indicators of prostate cancer presence and progression are needed to avoid unnecessary treatment, predict disease course, and develop more effective therapy. Numerous molecular markers have been described in human serum, urine, seminal fluid, and histological specimens that exhibit varying capacities to detect prostate cancer and predict disease course. However, to date, few of these markers have been adequately validated for clinical use. The purpose of this review is to examine the current status of these markers in prostate cancer and to assess the diagnostic potential for future markers from identified genes and molecules that display loss, mutation, or alteration in expression between tumor and normal prostate tissues. In this review we cite 91 molecular markers that display some level of correlation with prostate cancer presence, disease progression, cancer recurrence, prediction of response to therapy, and/or disease-free survival. We suggest criteria to consider when selecting a marker for further development as a clinical tool and discuss five examples of markers (chromogranin A, glutathione S-transferase 1, prostate stem cell antigen, prostate-specific membrane antigen, and telomerase reverse transcriptase) that fulfill some of these criteria. Finally, we discuss how to conduct evaluations of candidate prostate cancer markers and some of the issues involved in the validation process.

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“…These findings notwithstanding, the relationship with survival is still controversial, since some studies demonstrated a negative prognostic role (Weinstein et al 1996, McWilliam et al 1997, Theodorescu et al 1997, while others did not (Noordzij et al 1995, Bubendorf et al 1997, Abrahamsson et al 1998, Ahlegren et al 2000, Bostwick et al 2002. All these studies involved hormonenaive patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent prognostic role of circulating chromogranin A in prostate cancer patients with hormone-refractory disease

Berruti

Mosca²,

Tucci³

et al. 2005

Endocr Relat Cancer

118

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The presence of neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation in the context of predominantly exocrine prostate cancer may play a key role in androgen-independent tumor growth. The prognostic significance of plasma chromogranin A (CgA) was assessed in a series of consecutive prostate cancer patients with hormone-refractory disease.One hundred and eight patients with newly diagnosed hormone-refractory prostate cancer entered the study. Plasma CgA levels and other biochemical parameters, such as serum prostate specific antigen, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum lactate dehydrogenase, serum albumin and hemoglobin concentration, were measured at baseline (i.e. when hormone refractoriness occurred) and their prognostic role was evaluated together with patient performance status, Gleason score (at diagnosis of prostate cancer) and the presence of visceral metastases. Furthermore, plasma CgA was prospectively evaluated in 50 patients undergoing chemotherapy.At baseline, 45 patients (43.3%) showed elevated CgA values. Plasma CgA negatively correlated with survival, either in univariate analysis (P=0.008) or in multivariate analysis, after adjusting for previously mentioned prognostic parameters (P<0.05). In the patient subset undergoing chemotherapy, median CgA (range) values were 13.3 (3.0-141.0) U/l at baseline, 19.1 (3.0-486.0) U/l after 3 months, 20.8 (3.0-702.0) U/l after 6 months and 39.4 (3.0-414.0) U/l after 9 months (P<0.01). The corresponding supranormal rates were 17/50 (34%), 23/50 (46%), 26/50 (52%) and 34/50 (68%) respectively (P<0.005).Elevated plasma CgA levels are frequently observed in prostate cancer patients with hormonerefractory disease and correlate with poor prognosis. NE differentiation in hormone-refractory patients is a time-dependent phenomenon and is not influenced by conventional antineoplastic treatments.

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Neuroendocrine differentiation is not prognostic of failure after radical prostatectomy but correlates with tumor volume

Cited by 45 publications

References 14 publications

Beyond prostate-specific antigen: alternate serum markers

Beyond prostate-specific antigen: alternate serum markers

Detection of Prostate Cancer and Predicting Progression

Independent prognostic role of circulating chromogranin A in prostate cancer patients with hormone-refractory disease

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