Neurodevelopmental disorders: prevalence and comorbidity in children referred to mental health services

Hansen, Berit Hjelde; Oerbeck, Beate; Skirbekk, Benedicte; Petrovski, Beáta Éva; Kristensen, Hanne Kaae

doi:10.1080/08039488.2018.1444087

Cited by 127 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Autistic individuals were four times more likely to experience depression [19,32] and have higher co-morbidity rates with other conditions such as anxiety and personality disorders [33]. Given that autistic individuals rated improvements in mental health interventions as a top priority for autism research [34], our findings highlight how more research is needed to understand the implications of postpartum depression for autistic women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

A comparative study of autistic and non-autistic women’s experience of motherhood

et al. 2020

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Background: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental difference and disability, yet there is limited research examining parenting in autistic mothers. Objective: To explore autistic mothers' experience of the perinatal period and parenthood. This includes pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, self-perception of parenting strengths and weaknesses, communication with professionals in relation to one's child, mental health difficulties and the social experience of motherhood. It also includes disclosing one's diagnosis of autism in parenting contexts. Methods: We used a community-based participatory research model, and recruited an advisory panel, with whom we co-developed an anonymous, online survey for autistic mothers. The online survey was completed by autistic and nonautistic mothers, and we compared their responses using Chi-squared analysis. Sample: Autistic mothers (n = 355), and non-autistic mothers (n = 132), each of whom had at least one autistic child, were included in our final analysis. Results: There were differences in education, gender identity and age of mother at birth of first child. Autistic mothers were more likely to have experienced additional psychiatric conditions, including pre-or post-partum depression, and reported greater difficulties in areas such as multi-tasking, coping with domestic responsibilities and creating social opportunities for their child. They were also more likely to report feeling misunderstood by professionals, and reported greater anxiety, higher rates of selective mutism, and not knowing which details were appropriate to share with professionals. They were also more likely to find motherhood an isolating experience, to worry about others judging their parenting, or feel unable to turn to others for support in parenting. However, despite these challenges, autistic mothers were able to act in the best interest of their child, putting their child's needs first. Conclusions: Autistic mothers face unique challenges and the stigma associated with autism may further exacerbate communication difficulties. Greater understanding and acceptance amongst individuals who interact with autistic mothers is needed, and autistic mothers would benefit from additional and better-tailored support.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

A comparative study of autistic and non-autistic women’s experience of motherhood

et al. 2020

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“…The Norwegian translation of the K-SADS P/L has been validated in school-aged children [22] and in Norwegian children with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder as part of a Nordic study [23]. The instrument is widely used in research and clinical practice in Norway [24], and has been further validated in other Nordic countries, with similar languages and medical care [25,26]. An experienced child psychiatrist, unaware of the child's IQ scores and birth weight group, conducted this semi-structured interview [27].…”

Section: Outcome Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Is there an association between full IQ score and mental health problems in young adults? A study with a convenience sample

et al. 2020

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Background: Intelligence is the aggregate or global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally and to deal effectively with the environment. Previous studies have shown that individuals with intellectual disability, IQ < 70, have increased risk of being diagnosed with one or more mental disorders. We wanted to investigate if this also applies to individuals with IQ between 70 and 85. Methods: In this study, data was abstracted from a longitudinal follow-up study of individuals with low birth weight and a control group. In the present study, mental health of participants with borderline IQ, defined as a full IQ score 70-84, were compared with mental health of a reference group with full IQ scores ≥85. Mental health at age 19 was assessed using the Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia for School-age Children Present and Lifetime (K-SADS P/L) whereby scores meeting the diagnostic criteria for a mental disorder were defined as having mental health problems. In addition the participants completed the ADHD-rating scale and the Autism Spectrum Quotient form (AQ). Logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for high scores on the K-SADS.Results: Thirty participants with borderline IQ and 146 controls were included. Sixteen (53%) of the participants with borderline IQ met the diagnostic criteria on the K-SADS for any diagnosis compared with 18 (12%) in the reference group (OR: 6.2; CI: 2.6-14.9). In particular the participants with borderline IQ had excess risk of ADHD and anxiety. These associations were slightly attenuated when adjusted for birth weight and parents' socioeconomic status. Conclusions: 53% of the participants with borderline IQ had increased risk for a research assessed psychiatric diagnosis compared to about one in ten in the reference group. The group with borderline IQ also had higher total scores and higher scores on some sub-scores included in the Autism Spectrum Quotient form. Our results points towards an increased vulnerability for mental illness in individuals with borderline low IQ.Trial registration: The main study is recorded by the Regional Committee for Health Research Ethics in Mid-Norway (as project number 4.2005.2605).

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“…in publications and 5.89% in NHIRD), p < 0.05), but this difference has not been significantly observed in other large-scale studies conducted worldwide [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Similarly, children with KD had a higher prevalence rate of ASD than did the general pediatric population in Taiwan (1.46% vs 0.08%-0.29% in publications and 0.41% in NHIRD, p < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between our findings and those reported in other studies conducted worldwide [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]…”

Section: Comparison Of the Prevalence Of Neurodevelopmental Disabilitmentioning

confidence: 78%

Heterogeneous Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children with Kawasaki Disease: What is New Today?

Lin

Chou

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a common vasculitis of childhood in East Asia. The complications of KD ascribed to long-term cardiovascular sequelae are considerably diverse. Although studies have investigated neurodevelopmental problems following KD in the past few decades, they have reported inconsistent conclusions. This study investigated potential epilepsy and associated neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) following KD in Taiwanese children. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of children aged <18 years with clinically diagnosed KD from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2015. These patients were followed up to estimate the prevalence of epilepsy and associated NDDs in comparison with the prevalence in general pediatric population in Taiwan and worldwide. Results: A total of 612 patients with an average age of 1.6 years were included. The prevalence of associated NDDs was 16.8% (n = 103/612) in the study group, which consisted of epilepsy, intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorders , Tourette syndrome (TS), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, (ADHD), and others. Moreover, children with KD had a higher prevalence of epilepsy and TS in both Taiwan and worldwide (epilepsy: 2.61% in the KD group vs 0.33% in Taiwan and 0.05%–0.8% in worldwide, p < 0.05; TS: 2.77% in the KD group vs 0.56% in Taiwan and 0.3%–1% in worldwide, p < 0.05). The prevalence of ID, ADHD, and developmental language disorders was not significantly different between our study patients and those in Taiwan or worldwide. Conclusions: Results revealed a higher prevalence rate of NDDs, especially epilepsy and TS, in Taiwanese children with KD than in the general pediatric population in Taiwan. However, these NDDs could be heterogeneous. Children diagnosed with KD were followed up because they had a higher risk of heterogeneous NDDs. Keywords: Kawasaki disease, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Children, Epilepsy, Tourette syndrome

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Neurodevelopmental disorders: prevalence and comorbidity in children referred to mental health services

Abstract: In children referred to CAMHS, ND constitute the most frequently occurring group of disorders, with high rates of both homotypic and heterotypic comorbidity. This needs to be taken into consideration in health service planning and treatment delivery.

Cited by 127 publications

References 59 publications

A comparative study of autistic and non-autistic women’s experience of motherhood

A comparative study of autistic and non-autistic women’s experience of motherhood

Is there an association between full IQ score and mental health problems in young adults? A study with a convenience sample

Heterogeneous Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children with Kawasaki Disease: What is New Today?

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