Neurocysticercosis and the Central Nervous System: Advancements in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Prospects

Abstract

Neurocysticercosis presents a formidable global health challenge. This parasitic infection induces cystic lesions, primarily in the brain and spinal cord, leading to neurological symptoms and complications. Global prevalence varies, driven by socioeconomic conditions, cultural practices, and dietary habits, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Diagnosis remains challenging, relying on clinical, serological, and neuroimaging findings, with advanced tools like CT and MRI scans enhancing accuracy. Treatment strategies involve antiparasitic medications, anti-inflammatory drugs, and surgical interventions. Ongoing research explores innovative diagnostics and treatments, emphasising a comprehensive, individualised approach. A One Health approach, integrating human, animal, and environmental health, is crucial for effective prevention. Exploring the socioeconomic impacts, ethical considerations, and technology integration, including telemedicine, is paramount. Understanding cultural factors influencing healthcare-seeking behaviour contributes to culturally sensitive interventions. Technology integration can improve diagnostic capabilities and healthcare access, especially in regions with limited resources.