Neurocognitive Reaction Time Predicts Lower Extremity Sprains and Strains

The SVFD altered sagittal- and frontal-plane landing knee kinematics but did not alter moments. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction may induce alterations in sagittal-plane visual-motor control of the knee. The group SVFD effect was on a level similar to that of an in-flight perturbation, motor-learning intervention, or plyometric-training program, indicating that visual-motor ability may contribute to knee neuromuscular control on a clinically important level. The individual effects of the SVFD indicated possible unique sensorimotor versus visual-motor movement strategies during landing.

Section: Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual-Motor Control of Drop Landing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Grooms

Chaudhari

Page

et al. 2018

“…18 As many as 50% of SRCs go unreported at the high school level, 1,8 leaving student-athletes vulnerable to another SRC or musculoskeletal injury due to postural instability or decreased neurocognitive function. [19][20][21] Raising awareness of SRCs and improving SRC knowledge is critical, yet these outcomes do not guarantee changes in attitudes and reporting behaviors. 1,7,10,22 The few investigators 1,7 who have empirically evaluated reasons why high school athletes would not report an SRC to an authoritative figure indicated that the athletes did not think the injury was serious enough to warrant medical attention, had fear of being removed from play, lacked awareness of a likely SRC, and did not want to let their teammates down.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in High School Athletes' Knowledge of Sport-Related Concussion Symptoms and Reporting Behaviors

Wallace

Covassin

Beidler

2017

Context: Recent researchers have reported that athletes' knowledge of sport-related concussion (SRC) has increased but that athletes still lack knowledge of all the signs and symptoms of SRC. Understanding the signs and symptoms of SRC and the dangers of playing while symptomatic are critical to reporting behaviors in high school athletes.Objective: To examine sex differences in knowledge of SRC symptoms and reasons for not reporting a suspected SRC to an authoritative figure in high school athletes.Design: Cross-sectional study. 2%]).Main Outcome Measure(s): A validated knowledge-of-SRC survey consisted of demographic questions, a list of 21 signs and symptoms of SRC, and reasons why athletes would not report their SRC. The independent variable was sex. Athlete knowledge of SRC symptoms was assessed by having participants identify the signs and symptoms of SRC from a list of 21 symptoms. Knowledge scores were calculated by summing the number of correct answers; scores ranged from 0 to 21, with a score closer to 21 representing greater knowledge. Reporting-behavior questions asked athletes to choose reasons why they decided not to report any possible SRC signs and symptoms to an authoritative figure.Results: A sex difference in total SRC symptom knowledge was found (F 286 ¼ 4.97, P ¼ .03, d ¼ 0.26). Female high school athletes had more total SRC symptom knowledge (mean 6 standard deviation ¼ 15.06 6 2.63; 95% confidence interval ¼ 14.54, 15.57) than males (14.36 6 2.76; 95% confidence interval ¼ 13.97, 14.74). Chi-square tests identified significant relationships between sex and 8 different reasons for not reporting an SRC.Conclusions: High school males and females had similar SRC symptom knowledge; however, female athletes were more likely to report their concussive symptoms to an authoritative figure.Key Words: mild traumatic brain injuries, secondary school, sport culture Key PointsHigh school males and females had similar concussion knowledge, but females were more likely to use that knowledge to report a sport-related concussion. Males were 4 to 11 times more likely than females to not report a sport-related concussion for reasons focused on the reactions and perceptions of others. Large percentages of male and female athletes did not report a sport-related concussion because they did not think it was serious. Theory-based interventions are warranted to overcome the stigmas associated with the male sport culture.

“…An ROC curve for discriminating injured football players (ie, those who ultimately sustained a core or lower extremity strain or sprain) from uninjured players on the basis of neurocognitive reaction time is presented in Figure 1. 33 Although the area under the curve is relatively small, a clearly definable point provided the basis for a binary classification of exposure status that produced evidence of a meaningful association with injury occurrence (Table). An inverse relationship (ie, fewer injuries among players with prolonged reaction time) would have produced an inverted ROC curve.…”

Section: Bayesian Approach To Observational Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cohort Study Design: An Underutilized Approach for Advancement of Evidence-Based and Patient-Centered Practice in Athletic Training

Wilkerson

Denegar

2014

Self Cite

Objective: Providing patient-centered care requires consideration of numerous factors when making decisions that will influence a patient's health status.Background: Clinical decisions should be informed by relevant research evidence, but the literature often lacks pertinent information for problems encountered in routine clinical practice. Although a randomized clinical trial provides the best research design to ensure the internal validity of study findings, ethical considerations and the competitive culture of sport often preclude random assignment of patients or participants to a control condition.Clinical Advantages: A cohort study design and Bayesian approach to data analysis can provide valuable evidence to support clinical decisions. Dichotomous classification of both an outcome and 1 or more predictive factors permits quantification of the likelihood of occurrence of a specified outcome.Conclusions: Multifactorial prediction models can reduce uncertainty in clinical decision making and facilitate the individualization of treatment, thereby supporting delivery of clinical services that are both evidence based and patient centered.