Neurocognitive deficits and prefrontal cortical atrophy in patients with schizophrenia

Bonilha, Leonardo; Molnar, Chris; Horner, Michael David; Anderson, Berry; Forster, Lauren; George, Mark S.; Nahas, Ziad

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.11.023

Cited by 76 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Although there are multiple studies noting decreased gray matter volume in mood disorders (Doris et al 2004;Haznedar et al 2005;Lacerda et al 2004;Lyoo et al 2004;Vasic et al 2008), as well as in the other represented disorders (i.e. PTSD, ADHD, schizophrenia; Bonilha et al 2008;Carmona et al 2005;Glahn et al 2008;Hakamata et al 2007;Kasai et al 2008;Kates et al 2002), it is possible that the inherent pathophysiology of these disorders is discrepant, thus creating a brain-behavior relationship confound. However, this study may be an important first step in examining different theories of working memory in psychiatric populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Contributions of Lateral Prefrontal Cortex Regions to Visual Memory Processes

McLaughlin

Moore

Fulwiler

et al. 2009

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the seat of higher level control operations, with recognition and working memory processes critical to those operations. While not strictly organized by the principle of localization, certain functions are clearly more associated with one region than another within PFC dynamic systems. We set out to test the hypothesis that active visual memory comparison (making judgments of novelty) was most associated with the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), while the monitoring and manipulation of visual information was most associated with the mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (mid-DLPFC). The current study used magnetic resonance volumetry to define the VLPFC and mid-DLPFC as regions of interest (ROIs), and analyzed those in relation to types of visual memory processes. We observed a functional dissociation of working memory within the PFC corresponding to comparison versus monitoring processes. One of the blocks of the monitoring and manipulation task showed a significant positive relationship with left, right, and total mid-DLPFC volume, with no significant relationship to the VLPFC. Performance on a memory comparison task bore a significant positive relationship with right and total VLPFC volume, and no relationship with the mid-DLPFC

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple psychiatric populations (e.g. bipolar disorder, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, ADHD) show decreased gray matter in the frontal lobes (Bonilha et al 2008;Carmona et al 2005;Doris et al 2004;Glahn et al 2008;Hakamata et al 2007;Haznedar et al 2005;Kasai et al 2008;Kates et al 2002;Lacerda et al 2004;Lyoo et al 2004;Vasic et al 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Contributions of Lateral Prefrontal Cortex Regions to Visual Memory Processes

McLaughlin

Moore

Fulwiler

et al. 2009

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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“…However, the expression levels of VGF in human CNS are not well characterized. Both the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) have been implicated in the structural and functional deficits associated with psychiatric disorders on the basis of neuroimaging, neuropsychology, and postmortem neuropathology studies (Dickstein et al, 2005;Nakatani et al, 2006;Altshuler et al, 2008;Bonilha et al, 2008;Melcher et al, 2008;Koenigsberg et al, 2009). Specifically, mood disorders are correlated with smaller volumes and altered metabolic activity in these regions (Sheline et al, 1996;Mayberg et al, 2000;Drevets, 2001; Manji and Duman, 2001; Videbech and Ravnkilde, 2004;Fusar-Poli et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuropeptide VGF Is Reduced in Human Bipolar Postmortem Brain and Contributes to Some of the Behavioral and Molecular Effects of Lithium

Thakker‐Varia¹,

Jean²,

Parikh³

et al. 2010

Journal of Neuroscience

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Recent studies demonstrate that the neuropeptide VGF (nonacronymic) is regulated in the hippocampus by antidepressant therapies and animal models of depression and that acute VGF treatment has antidepressant-like activity in animal paradigms. However, the role of VGF in human psychiatric disorders is unknown. We now demonstrate using in situ hybridization that VGF is downregulated in bipolar disorder in the CA region of the hippocampus and Brodmann's area 9 of the prefrontal cortex. The mechanism of VGF in relation to LiCl was explored. Both LiCl intraperitoneally and VGF intracerebroventricularly reduced latency to drink in novelty-induced hypophagia, and LiCl was not effective in VGF ϩ/Ϫ mice, suggesting that VGF may contribute to the effects of LiCl in this behavioral procedure that responds to chronic antidepressant treatment. VGF by intrahippocampal injection also had novel activity in an amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion assay, thus mimicking the actions of LiCl injected intraperitoneally in a system that phenocopies manic-like behavior. Moreover, VGF ϩ/Ϫ mice exhibited increased locomotion after amphetamine treatment and did not respond to LiCl, suggesting that VGF is required for the effects of LiCl in curbing the response to amphetamine. Finally, VGF delivered intracerebroventricularly in vivo activated the same signaling pathways as LiCl and is necessary for the induction of mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt by LiCl, thus lending insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of VGF. The dysregulation of VGF in bipolar disorder as well as the behavioral effects of the neuropeptide similar to LiCl suggests that VGF may underlie the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder.

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“…Correlation studies of functional and morphological features in schizophrenia may shed light on the functional consequences of brain morphology changes in schizophrenia. This approach was already adopted by several groups investigating correlations between brain morphology and executive functions (Bonilha et al, 2008), memory (Antonova et al, 2005), or attention (Salgado-Pineda et al, 2003). This study was designed to find features of brain morphology that are connected with the solving of VFT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of Fronto-temporal Regions and Word Generation in First-episode Schizophrenia

et al. 2008

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Fronto-temporal (FT) dysfunction is a characteristic feature of schizophrenia. We tried to find features of brain morphology that are connected with the solving of Verbal Fluency Task (VFT). We hypothesized that verbal fluency results correlate positively with gray and white matter volume in fronto-temporal areas. 25 first-episode schizophrenia men were tested using VFT. Brain morphology -regional gray and white matter volume was analyzed using optimized voxel-based morphometry. Correlations between VFT score and brain morphology were performed using General linear mode -regression analysis. There was a significant positive correlation of regional gray matter and VFT score in the posterior part of superior temporal gyrus, on the borders with middle temporal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule. As for the regional white matter volume there was one significant cluster in the depth of the inferior frontal gyrus, pars triangularis. The ability to generate context appropriate words is not only the result of abnormal FT co-operation or ability to "hire" prefrontal activity when necessary, but also stems from the condition of relevant neuronal networks.

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Neurocognitive deficits and prefrontal cortical atrophy in patients with schizophrenia

Cited by 76 publications

References 56 publications

Differential Contributions of Lateral Prefrontal Cortex Regions to Visual Memory Processes

Differential Contributions of Lateral Prefrontal Cortex Regions to Visual Memory Processes

The Neuropeptide VGF Is Reduced in Human Bipolar Postmortem Brain and Contributes to Some of the Behavioral and Molecular Effects of Lithium

Morphology of Fronto-temporal Regions and Word Generation in First-episode Schizophrenia

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