Neurochemistry of Olivocochlear Neurons in the Hamster

Reuss, Stefan; Disque-Kaiser, Ursula; Antoniou-Lipfert, Patricia; Gholi, Maryam Najaf; Riemann, Elke; Riemann, Randolf

doi:10.1002/ar.20908

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Whether this plasticity involves MOC neurons is not known. It is noteworthy, however, that MOC neurons exhibit immunofluorescence that indicates they contain enzymes that are involved in producing neural plasticity [43]. Furthermore, in frogs, nitric oxide (which helps produce neural plasticity) may slowly enhance efferent synaptic effects on hair cells, which suggests that nitric oxide might be involved in producing the MOC slow effect [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cochlear efferent innervation and function

Guinan

2010

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery

132

130

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Purpose of review-This review covers topics relevant to olivocochlear-efferent anatomy and function for which there are new findings in papers from 2009 to early 2010.Recent findings-Work within the review period has increased our understanding of medial efferent (MOC) mechanisms in outer hair cells, MOC reflex tuning, MOC effects on distortion product otoacoustic emissions, the time course of MOC effects, MOC effects in psychophysical tests and on understanding speech, MOC effects in attention and learning, and lateral efferent function in binaural hearing. In addition, there are new insights into efferent molecular mechanisms and their effect on cochlear development.Summary-Techniques for measuring efferent effects using otoacoustic emissions are now well developed and have promise in clinical applications ranging from predicting which subjects are susceptible to acoustic trauma to characterizing relationships between efferent activation and learning disabilities. To realize this promise, studies are needed in which these techniques are applied with high standards.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cochlear efferent innervation and function

Guinan

2010

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery

132

130

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“…and received pressure-injections of 200 nl of a 5 % Fluoro-Gold solution (FG, Fluorochrome, Englewood, CO; dissolved in distilled water) into the left scala tympani via the round window. The surgical approach was described previously [53,54]. After 5 days, rats were killed by ether overdose and perfused with PLP as described above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroglobin Expression in the Mammalian Auditory System

et al. 2015

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The energy-yielding pathways that provide the large amounts of metabolic energy required by inner ear sensorineural cells are poorly understood. Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a neuron-specific hemoprotein of the globin family, which is suggested to be involved in oxidative energy metabolism. Here we present quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemical and Western blot evidence that neuroglobin is highly expressed in the mouse and rat cochlea. For primary cochlea neurons, Ngb expression is limited to the subpopulation of type I spiral ganglion cells, those which innervate inner hair cells, while the subpopulation of type II spiral ganglion cells which innervate the outer hair cells do not express Ngb. We further investigated Ngb distribution in rat, mouse and human auditory brainstem centers, and found that the cochlear nuclei and superior olivary complex (SOC) also express considerable amounts of Ngb. Notably, the majority of olivocochlear neurons, those which provide efferent innervation of outer hair cells as identified by neuronal tract tracing, were Ngb-immunoreactive. We also observed that neuroglobin in the SOC frequently co-localized with neuronal nitric oxide synthase, the enzyme responsible for nitric oxide production. Our findings suggest that neuroglobin is well positioned to play an important physiologic role in the oxygen homeostasis of the peripheral and central auditory nervous system, and provides the first evidence that Ngb signal differentiates the central projections of the inner and outer hair cells.

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“…31.5 ). Reuss et al [ 6 ] described the localization of PACAP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and other neurotransmitters in the SOC in adult male Djungarian hamsters (phodopus sungorus) using immunohistochemistry and retrograde tracing. PACAP immunoreactivity was found in approximately one third of all neurons, whereas VIP was not present in the neurons of the SOC.…”

Section: Pacap In the Brainstem And Thalamusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in the Auditory System

Fülöp

Reglődi

Németh

et al. 2016

Current Topics in Neurotoxicity

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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide with well-known neurotrophic, neuroprotective, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects. It also exerts protective effects in sensory organs, such as visual and olfactory system. In this review we present data regarding the localization and effects of PACAP in the auditory system. PACAP and its specifi c receptor (PAC1-R) are present in the organ of Corti in hair cells, supporting cells, and different nerve fi bers. They are also present in the spiral ganglion showing co-localization with efferent fi bers of glutamatergic and adrenergic pathways, probably directly affecting the efferent signal transduction in the inner ear. PACAP and its specifi c receptor also occur in the stria vascularis suggesting a role in endolymph production; furthermore, they are present in central pathways of the auditory system such as the cochlear nuclei, superior olivary complex, inferior colliculus, and medial geniculate body. PAC1-receptor is also present in the inner ear in PACAP-defi cient mice, occurring at the same localization but with altered expression compared to wildtype mice. PACAP protects hair cells from H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis in chicken inner ear cell cultures in vitro, and the lack of PACAP affects the Ca 2+ -binding protein expression in hair cells in PACAP-defi cient mice under control circumstances and after ototoxic drug treatment.

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Neurochemistry of Olivocochlear Neurons in the Hamster

Abstract: Pseudocolored frontal sections of the Phodopus sungorus brainstem, showing the location of the superior olivary nuclei in Nissl‐stained sections, from rostral (top section) to candal (bottom section). See Reuss, et al., on page 461, in this issue.Anatomical Record 292:461–471.

Cited by 4 publications

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Cochlear efferent innervation and function

Cochlear efferent innervation and function

Neuroglobin Expression in the Mammalian Auditory System

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide in the Auditory System

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