Neurochemical and Neurobehavioral Effects of Neonatal Administration of β-N-Methylamino-l-Alanine and 3,3′-Iminodipropionitrile

Vestibulo-ocular pathways modulate extraocular muscle myosin expression patterns

“…Thus, a chemical labyrinthectomy with IDPN would have the functional consequence of reducing or eliminating the VOR and the neurophysiological consequence of dampening the sustained discharge rate of oculomotor motoneurons (Robinson 1981). Chronic treatment with IDPN has proven neurotoxic in newborn and adult rats, but single-injection protocols, such as used in this study, apparently yield hair cell toxicity without otherwise compromising neuronal function (Smith et al 1994;Dawson et al 1998). Moreover, our control data support the notion that MyHC changes were not the consequence of systemic effects of IDPN since: (a) oculomotor motoneuron toxicity was not detected and (b) changes in MyHC expression were not observed in diaphragm muscles which receive little or no vestibular drive.…”

Microbial BMAA and the Pathway for Parkinson’s Disease Neurodegeneration

“…Aging accompanied with a decrease in the immune response (immunosenescence) often attributed to PD is greatly associated with a leaky gut (Nagpal et al, 2018). Also of note, a study performed by Dawson et al (1998) demonstrated that male rats were more susceptible to BMAA-induced toxicity than females, a very interesting observation given that PD has a higher incidence in males than females. FIGURE 1 | The "neurotoxin hypothesis" for sporadic neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD).…”

Analysis, occurrence, and toxicity of ß-methylaminoalanine (BMAA)

“…When administered subcutaneously to neonatal rat pups, BMAA resulted in changes in motor function and spinal cord chemistry, effects that were both dose and sex-dependent (Dawson et al, 1998). Twelve pups were injected with 500 mg L-BMAA/kg bw on postnatal day (PND) 5 (Group A), 24 pups were injected with 500 mg/kg bw on PND 2 and 5 (group B), and 12 pups were injected with 100 mg/kg bw on PND 2 and 5 (group C).…”

“…The spinal cord atrophy in males and behavioural changes observed suggests some degree of motor system impairment. It was concluded that it is important to investigate the interaction of aging with these neurochemical changes (Dawson et al, 1998).…”