Neurobiology of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in GAD: Aberrant neurometabolic correlation to hippocampus and relationship to anxiety sensitivity and IQ

Coplan, Jeremy D.; Webler, Ryan; Gopinath, Srinath; Abdallah, Chadi G.; Mathew, Sanjay J.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.001

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In the present study, the GAD group exhibited lower ALFF and ReHo values in the right postcentral and precentral gyrus compared to the HC group, and higher ReHo values in the left posterior cingulate cortex, left angular gyrus (13), and left precuneus compared to the HC group. The GAD group also had higher ALFF values in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and left posterior cingulate cortex compared to the HC group (19). These results indicate a hyperactivation of left posterior cingulate cortex in GAD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Aberrant amplitude low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and their roles in predicting treatment remission

Shen¹,

Zhu²,

Ren³

et al. 2020

Ann Transl Med

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Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common affective disorder characterized by comprehensive anxiety with dysregulation of brain activity which can be reflected by functional magnetic resonance imaging (f-MRI). We aimed to examine abnormal aberrant amplitude low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) in GAD and evaluate their ability to predict treatment remission. Methods: Using resting-state fMRI (Rs-fMRI), we examined ALFF and ReHo in 30 GAD patients and 30 healthy control (HC) participants. Using on DEPASF4.3 Advanced Edition, voxel-based two-sample t-test analysis was performed on the ALFF and ReHo maps to compare GAD to HC groups, and to compare remitters (n=9) and non-remitters (n=21). Pearson's correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between baseline Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) scores/illness duration and mean ALFF/ReHo values. The severity of GAD symptoms was rated with HAM-A. Remission was defined as HAM-A ≤7 by week 8. Results: Compared to the HC group, GAD patients showed lower ALFF in the right postcentral and right precentral gyrus; lower ReHo in the right precentral, right postcentral, and left precentral gyrus; and higher ReHo in the left posterior cingulate cortex. ALFF values for left postcentral gyrus was negatively correlated with baseline HAM-A, while that of the middle frontal gyrus was positively correlated with baseline HAM-A scores. ReHo value of the left postcentral gyrus was negatively correlated with baseline HAM-A, while that of the right middle frontal gyrus was positively correlated with baseline HAM-A scores. ALFF of the right frontal_superior_orbital and right frontal-medial-orbital cortex was positively correlated with illness duration. ReHo of the left supplementary motor area cortex was negatively correlated with illness duration.Remitters showed higher ALFF in the left hippocampus and higher ReHo value in the right postcentral cortex compared to nonremitters.Conclusions: These results suggest that altered regional brain activity and local synchronization may be related to the pathophysiology of GAD and have certain value in predicting remission in treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Aberrant amplitude low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and their roles in predicting treatment remission

Shen¹,

Zhu²,

Ren³

et al. 2020

Ann Transl Med

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“…In contrast, valence attribution as a higher cognitive function requires conscious awareness of respective stimuli. The dlPFC, as a cognitive controller of emotion, is involved in valence-related and executive-related emotional processing, such as affective/reward processes 31,82 , craving modulation 83 , resistance to frustration 84 , and inhibition of impulsive emotional responses 85 . In sum, the perception of arousal might be considered as an early and automatic component of emotional processing, mostly related to vmPFC activation, whereas perception of valence attribution as a late and cognitive component of emotional processing is mediated by the dlPFC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of dorsolateral and ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the processing of emotional dimensions

Nejati

Majdi²,

Salehinejad

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

104

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The ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are two major prefrontal regions that usually interact in serving different cognitive functions. On the other hand, these regions are also involved in cognitive processing of emotions but their contribution to emotional processing is not well-studied. In the present study, we investigated the role of these regions in three dimensions (valence, arousal and dominance) of emotional processing of stimuli via ratings of visual stimuli performed by the study participants on these dimensions. Twenty- two healthy adult participants (mean age 25.21 ± 3.84 years) were recruited and received anodal and sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) (1.5 mA, 15 min) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in three separate sessions with an at least 72-h interval. During stimulation, participants underwent an emotional task in each stimulation condition. The task included 100 visual stimuli and participants were asked to rate them with respect to valence, arousal, and dominance. Results show a significant effect of stimulation condition on different aspects of emotional processing. Specifically, anodal tDCS over the dlPFC significantly reduced valence attribution for positive pictures. In contrast, anodal tDCS over the vmPFC significantly reduced arousal ratings. Dominance ratings were not affected by the intervention. Our results suggest that the dlPFC is involved in control and regulation of valence of emotional experiences, while the vmPFC might be involved in the extinction of arousal caused by emotional stimuli. Our findings implicate dimension-specific processing of emotions by different prefrontal areas which has implications for disorders characterized by emotional disturbances such as anxiety or mood disorders.

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“…FPCN (BA9,46), Motor (BA6,7), DMN (BA8,24), and VAN (BA44) are brain networks with the most influential effects on IQ in healthy subjects [ 71 ]. Weaker connectivity in the prefrontal cortex (mainly consists of DAN, FPCN, and DMN) correlates to low IQ in children and adolescents with ADHD [ 72 ], and neurometabolic changes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (mainly consists of DMN) correlate with IQ difference in patients of anxiety disorders [ 73 ]. Together, these results imply disorder-specific mechanisms of IQ measured abilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdiagnostic connectome signatures from resting-state fMRI predict individual-level intellectual capacity

et al. 2022

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Medication and other therapies for psychiatric disorders show unsatisfying efficacy, in part due to the significant clinical/ biological heterogeneity within each disorder and our over-reliance on categorical clinical diagnoses. Alternatively, dimensional transdiagnostic studies have provided a promising pathway toward realizing personalized medicine and improved treatment outcomes. One factor that may influence response to psychiatric treatments is cognitive function, which is reflected in one’s intellectual capacity. Intellectual capacity is also reflected in the organization and structure of intrinsic brain networks. Using a large transdiagnostic cohort (n = 1721), we sought to discover neuroimaging biomarkers by developing a resting-state functional connectome-based prediction model for a key intellectual capacity measure, Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ), across the diagnostic spectrum. Our cross-validated model yielded an excellent prediction accuracy (r = 0.5573, p < 0.001). The robustness and generalizability of our model was further validated on three independent cohorts (n = 2641). We identified key transdiagnostic connectome signatures underlying FSIQ capacity involving the dorsal-attention, frontoparietal and default-mode networks. Meanwhile, diagnosis groups showed disorder-specific biomarker patterns. Our findings advance the neurobiological understanding of cognitive functioning across traditional diagnostic categories and provide a new avenue for neuropathological classification of psychiatric disorders.

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Neurobiology of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in GAD: Aberrant neurometabolic correlation to hippocampus and relationship to anxiety sensitivity and IQ

Cited by 7 publications

References 59 publications

Aberrant amplitude low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and their roles in predicting treatment remission

Aberrant amplitude low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and their roles in predicting treatment remission

The role of dorsolateral and ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the processing of emotional dimensions

Transdiagnostic connectome signatures from resting-state fMRI predict individual-level intellectual capacity

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