Neurobiological Bases of Social Behavior across the Life Span

Porges, Stephen W.; Carter, C. Sue

doi:10.1002/9780470880166.hlsd002002

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…However, the focus on family structure implicit in such an approach was central to sociology as well, and both developmental and family psychologists became aware that sociological perspectives and findings provided insights and levels of understanding that enriched psychological understanding. Similarly, later generations of psychologists have learned the value of insights, methods, and findings used and reported by physiologists and neuroscientists as well, particularly, for example, in studies of emotional and stress regulation (e.g., Gunnar, Doom, & Esposito, 2015; Porges & Carter, 2010).…”

Section: The Growth Of Interdisciplinaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward developmentally aware practices in the legal system: Progress, challenge, and promise.

Lamb

2015

American Psychologist

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Much research in developmental psychology has implications for practice and policy. In this article, I first describe how initial attempts to understand early social development and embrace multidisciplinary perspectives helped inform more nuanced approaches to the development of parenting plans for children with separating and maltreating parents. Second, I trace the ways in which notorious child abuse cases fostered research on children's testimonial capacities, which, in turn, informed the development of more effective forensic interview techniques. Progress in these domains has, however, been offset by failures to apply similar developmentally sensitive principles when dealing with children classified as suspects rather than victims, with children who testify in court, and with children in the child welfare system.

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Section: The Growth Of Interdisciplinaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward developmentally aware practices in the legal system: Progress, challenge, and promise.

Lamb

2015

American Psychologist

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“…OXT is capable of downregulating or buffering the response to stressors, especially social ones (acting at the level of the hypothalamus, among other areas). It is released during positive social interactions, and appears to facilitate capacity for being trusting and socially perceptive (Porges & Carter, 2010). OXT knockout mice show deficiencies in social recognition and social memory, and also in the ability to manage emotional reactivity due to stress (Pedersen, Vadlamudi, Boccia, & Amico, 2006; Takayanagi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Oxt Signalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is thought that social mammals uniquely have the ability to regulate an autonomic state of calmness while regulating communicative functions, including the musculature of the face and neck necessary to produce prosocial facial expressions, vocalizations, and head gestures (Porges & Carter, 2010). These capacities are limited in autism, suggesting that parasympathetic function may be involved.…”

Section: Alterations In Amygdalar Vagus and Parasympathetic Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our understanding of the social nervous system has been driven by studies analyzing specific biological markers in species that parent, species that are socially monogamous, species capable of developing extended families, and those capable of selective social camaraderie (Porges & Carter, 2010). Comparisons of the species-typical mating and affiliative strategies between the socially monogamous prairie vole ( Microtus ochrogaster ) and the closely related but nonmonogamous (promiscuous or polygamous) montane vole ( Microtus montanus ) has served as the primary model for the mapping of the neurocircuitry of social behavior in mammals (Carter, DeVries, & Getz, 1995).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Solitary mammals provide an animal model for autism spectrum disorders.

Reser¹

2014

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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Species of solitary mammals are known to exhibit specialized, neurological adaptations that prepare them to focus working memory on food procurement and survival rather than on social interaction. Solitary and nonmonogamous mammals, which do not form strong social bonds, have been documented to exhibit behaviors and biomarkers that are similar to endophenotypes in autism. Both individuals on the autism spectrum and certain solitary mammals have been reported to be low on measures of affiliative need, bodily expressiveness, bonding and attachment, direct and shared gazing, emotional engagement, conspecific recognition, partner preference, separation distress, and social approach behavior. Solitary mammals also exhibit certain biomarkers that are characteristic of autism, including diminished oxytocin and vasopressin signaling, dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system, increased Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) activity to social encounters, and reduced HPA activity to separation and isolation. The extent of these similarities suggests that solitary mammals may offer a useful model of autism spectrum disorders and an opportunity for investigating genetic and epigenetic etiological factors. If the brain in autism can be shown to exhibit distinct homologous or homoplastic similarities to the brains of solitary animals, it will reveal that they may be central to the phenotype and should be targeted for further investigation. Research of the neurological, cellular, and molecular basis of these specializations in other mammals may provide insight for behavioral analysis, communication intervention, and psychopharmacology for autism.

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“…Repeated experience of stress in early development can become an entrenched pattern that establishes a poor foundation for future development. Neglected and abused children show permanent changes to their neurological functioning as a result of poor vagal tone (Porges & Carter, 2010) and frequent hormonal imbalances (for reviews, see Lanius, Vermetten, & Pain, 2010;Schulkin, 1999). Poor physiological self-regulation is also linked to insecure or disorganized attachment to caregivers (Spangler & Grossman, 1993 (Fogel, 2000;Fogel & Branco, 1997) call a kind of "relational communication system," in which parent and child successfully modulate their behavior to achieve an optimal level of physiological arousal and coordinated action (Evans & Porter, 2009).…”

Section: Self-regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Optimization

Narváez¹,

Gleason²

2012

Evolution, Early Experience and Human Development

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Informed by Darwin's description of the “moral sense,” this chapter addresses the characteristics of early life experience for young children as identified by the anthropologists for the environment of evolutionary adaptedness as part of social mammalian evolution (extensive breastfeeding, nearly constant touch, prompt response to needs, multiple adult caregivers and maternal social support, free play in nature, natural childbirth). The chapter examines how these characteristics may or may not be fundamental for optimal moral functioning.

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Neurobiological Bases of Social Behavior across the Life Span

Cited by 5 publications

References 176 publications

Toward developmentally aware practices in the legal system: Progress, challenge, and promise.

Toward developmentally aware practices in the legal system: Progress, challenge, and promise.

Solitary mammals provide an animal model for autism spectrum disorders.

Developmental Optimization

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