Neurobehavioral profiles during the acute phase of ethanol withdrawal in adolescent and adult Sprague-Dawley rats

Two-choice reaction time performance in Sprague–Dawley rats exposed to alcohol during adolescence or adulthood

“…Importantly, it seems that the effects observed in this study are unrelated to ethanol withdrawal, as operant training did not begin for a week after ethanol exposure ended. In our previous work (Slawecki and Roth, 2004;Slawecki et al, 2006), this exposure paradigm produces minimal signs of ethanol withdrawal that are unlikely to persist for prolonged periods of time.…”

“…Tapert et al (2002) reported that impaired attention was associated with the degree of withdrawal experienced by the individual after short periods of abstinence. Our protocol induces long-term neurobehavioral changes, but only mild indices of acute withdrawal (Slawecki and Roth, 2004;Slawecki et al, 2006). Furthermore, indices of attention were assessed after protracted periods of abstinence in this study.…”

Effects of an alkaloid-rich extract from Mitragyna speciosa leaves and fluoxetine on sleep profiles, EEG spectral frequency and ethanol withdrawal symptoms in rats

“…It was simple to detect obvious changes that reflect mild or severe symptoms. However, some discrepancies frequently arose depending on the symptoms or behaviors being assessed (Slawecki et al 2006). Moreover, subjective methods of analysis were sometimes used for behavioral studies.…”

“…Additionally, effects of these substances on ethanol withdrawal-induced physical and cortical hyperexcitabilities were examined. Changes in fast frequency oscillation, especially gamma activity, have been previously recognized as an index of cortical hyperexcitability induced by ethanol withdrawal (Cheaha et al 2014;Slawecki et al 2006). Fluoxetine, a standard antidepressant SSRI, was used as a reference compound (Cheaha et al 2014;Uzbay et al 2004).…”

GABAergic contributions to alcohol responsivity during adolescence: Insights from preclinical and clinical studies

“…While adults demonstrated anxiety-like behavior during acute alcohol withdrawal, measured using the elevated plus maze, similar anxiety profiles were not observed in adolescents, even when alcohol pharmacokinetics were considered (Doremus, Brunell, Varlinskaya, & Spear, 2003; Varlinskaya & Spear, 2004a). Similarly, acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms developed differentially in adolescent versus adult rats, depending on the anxiety symptoms being assessed (Slawecki & Roth, 2004; Slawecki, Roth, & Gilder, 2006). Anxiety-like behavior lasted up to one week following repeated alcohol withdrawals in adolescents, whereas anxiety-like behavior returned to baseline after 24 hours in adults, suggesting that anxiety-like behavior associated with repeated withdrawals is more pronounced in adolescence than in adulthood (Wills, Knapp, Overstreet, & Breese, 2008, 2009).…”