Neurobehavioral functioning and magnetic resonance imaging findings in young boxers

Abstract

In a prospective investigation of neurobehavioral functioning in young boxers, 13 pugilists and 13 matched control subjects underwent tests of attention, information-processing rate, memory, and visuomotor coordination and speed. The results disclosed more proficient verbal learning in the control subjects, whereas delayed recall and other measurements of memory did not differ between the two groups. Reaction time was faster in the boxers than in the control subjects, but no other differences were significant. Ten subjects in each group were retested 6 months later and exhibited improvement in their neuropsychological performance as compared to baseline measurements. However, there were no differences in scores between the boxers and the control subjects at the follow-up examination or in the magnitude of improvement from baseline values. Magnetic resonance imaging, which was performed in nine of the boxers, disclosed normal findings.

Cerebral Microhemorrhages Detected by Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging in Amateur Boxers

“…Levin et al 14 and Jordan and Zimmerman 15 each studied 9 amateur boxers and reported no abnormal MR imaging findings. Jordan and Zimmerman 8 subsequently examined 21 active boxers (16 professional) and 1 retired professional boxer.…”

A prospective cohort study of injury in amateur and professional boxing

“…Further, it is one of only nine cohort studies in boxing to have ever been published. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] One of the major advantages of this type of prospective design is the ability to systematically and accurately collect exposure data in the cohort. The high levels of exposure experienced by the boxers indicated that boxing has acute injury rates comparable to, and often lower than, those found in studies of other sports.…”

Of UFOs and other thoughts

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