Neurobehavioral effects of arsenic exposure among secondary school children in the Kandal Province, Cambodia

Sao, Vibol; Hashim, Jamal Hisham; Sarmani, Sukiman

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2014.12.001

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The correlation with erythrocyte As in the children with low water As (

) was similar to that in children with elevated water As concentrations (

), indicating that hair As is an equally good indicator of the intake of inorganic arsenic through rice as that through drinking water. Similar concentrations of As in hair (average

) have been reported for children living in a contaminated area in Cambodia (

in water) ( Vibol et al 2015 ). Usually, the background concentration of hair As is well below

, while concentrations as high as

has been found in severely intoxicated persons ( Stenehjem et al 2007 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Major Limitations in Using Element Concentrations in Hair as Biomarkers of Exposure to Toxic and Essential Trace Elements in Children

Skröder

Kippler

Nermell

et al. 2017

Environ Health Perspect

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Background:Hair is a commonly used exposure biomarker for metals and other trace elements, but concern has been raised regarding its appropriateness for assessing the internal dose.Objectives:The aim of the present study was to evaluate children’s hair as biomarker of internal dose for toxic (As, Mn, Cd, Pb) and essential elements (Mg, Ca, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo).Methods:In 207 children (9–10 years of age), originating from a population-based cohort in rural Bangladesh, we measured concentrations of the selected elements in hair (2cm closest to the scalp) using ICP-MS. We compared these with previously measured concentrations in erythrocytes, urine, and water. For a subset of children (n=19), we analyzed four consecutive 2cm pieces of hair.Results:There were strong associations between hair As and the other biomarkers (erythrocytes: rnormalS=0.73, p<0.001; urine: rnormalS=0.66, p<0.001); and water (rnormalS=0.60, p<0.001); and there were significant correlations between Se in hair and erythrocytes (overall rnormalS=0.38, p<0.001), and urine (rnormalS=0.29, p<0.001). Hair Co and Mo showed weak correlations with concentrations in erythrocytes. Hair Mn was not associated with Mn in erythrocytes, urine, or water, and the geometric mean concentration increased almost five times from the 2cm closest to the head to the 7th–8th cm (p<0.001). Also Mg, Ca, Co, Cd, and Pb increased from the scalp outward (>50% higher in 7th–8th cm compared with 1st–2nd cm, p<0.001).Conclusions:Hair was found to be a useful exposure biomarker of absorbed As and Se only. Of all measured elements, hair Mn seemed the least reflective of internal dose. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1239

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“…The correlation with erythrocyte As in the children with low water As (

) was similar to that in children with elevated water As concentrations (

), indicating that hair As is an equally good indicator of the intake of inorganic arsenic through rice as that through drinking water. Similar concentrations of As in hair (average

) have been reported for children living in a contaminated area in Cambodia (

in water) ( Vibol et al 2015 ). Usually, the background concentration of hair As is well below

, while concentrations as high as

has been found in severely intoxicated persons ( Stenehjem et al 2007 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Major Limitations in Using Element Concentrations in Hair as Biomarkers of Exposure to Toxic and Essential Trace Elements in Children

Skröder

Kippler

Nermell

et al. 2017

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is possible that a biomarker of cumulative exposure such as blood, hair or toenails may be more appropriate. One study conducted among older children (median age = 14 years) in Cambodia found that hair As concentrations were negatively associated with several neurobehavioral outcomes after adjusting for hair Mn, Pb, and cadmium (Cd) concentrations [ 38 ]. Additionally, while we had water As and Mn concentrations at several time points prior to the time of the BSID-III’s assessment, the high collinearity of repeated measurements of a chemical, particularly in Pabna, made it difficult to include all the measurements in our regression models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodevelopmental outcomes among 2- to 3-year-old children in Bangladesh with elevated blood lead and exposure to arsenic and manganese in drinking water

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe people of Bangladesh are currently exposed to high concentrations of arsenic and manganese in drinking water, as well as elevated lead in many regions. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between environmental exposure to these contaminants and neurodevelopmental outcomes among Bangladeshi children.MethodsWe evaluated data from 524 children, members of an ongoing prospective birth cohort established to study the effects of prenatal and early childhood arsenic exposure in the Sirajdikhan and Pabna Districts of Bangladesh. Water was collected from the family’s primary drinking source during the first trimester of pregnancy and at ages 1, 12 and 20–40 months. At age 20–40 months, blood lead was measured and neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed using a translated, culturally-adapted version of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III).ResultsMedian blood lead concentrations were higher in Sirajdikhan than Pabna (7.6 vs.

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“… 7 Documented effects can be as subtle as impairment of intellectual development in children or extreme, including amputations of limbs to remove cancerous growths. 12 , 13 Congenital birth defects and mortality from arsenic are also well known. The most serious source of arsenic toxicity is from drinking groundwater rich in arsenic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Irrigation and Arsenic Speciation in Rice in Cambodia

Murphy

Phan

Yumvihoze

et al. 2018

Journal of Health and Pollution

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Background.Arsenic bioaccumulation in rice is a global concern affecting food security and public health.Objective.The present study examined arsenic species in rice in Cambodia to characterize health risks with rice consumption and to clarify uncertainties with Codex guidelines.Methods.The present study collected 61 well water samples, 105 rice samples, 70 soil samples, and conducted interviews with 44 families in Preak Russey near the Bassac River and Kandal Province along the Mekong River in Cambodia. Analyses of metals, total arsenic and arsenic species were conducted in laboratories in Canada, Cambodia and Singapore.Results.Unlike in Bangladesh, rice with the highest total arsenic concentrations in Cambodia contains mostly organic arsenic, dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), which is unregulated and much less toxic than inorganic arsenic. The present study found that storing surface runoff in ditches prior to irrigation can significantly reduce the arsenic concentration in rice. It is possible to remove > 95% of arsenic from groundwater prior to irrigation with natural reactions.Conclusions.The provision of high quality drinking water in 2015 to Preak Russey removed about 95% of the dietary inorganic arsenic exposure. The extremes in arsenic toxicity that are still obvious in these farmers should become less common. Rice from the site with the highest documented levels of arsenic in soils and water in Cambodia passes current Codex guidelines for arsenic.Informed Consent.ObtainedCompeting Interests.The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Neurobehavioral effects of arsenic exposure among secondary school children in the Kandal Province, Cambodia

Cited by 47 publications

References 25 publications

Major Limitations in Using Element Concentrations in Hair as Biomarkers of Exposure to Toxic and Essential Trace Elements in Children

Major Limitations in Using Element Concentrations in Hair as Biomarkers of Exposure to Toxic and Essential Trace Elements in Children

Neurodevelopmental outcomes among 2- to 3-year-old children in Bangladesh with elevated blood lead and exposure to arsenic and manganese in drinking water

Groundwater Irrigation and Arsenic Speciation in Rice in Cambodia

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