Neurobehavioral Correlates of Impulsivity: Evidence of Prefrontal Involvement

Spinella, Marcello

doi:10.1080/00207450490249347

Cited by 128 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…26 The BIS-11 has shown positive correlations with neuropsychological measures of impulsivity, and is sensitive to execute deficits in prefrontal and orbitofrontal systems in multiple clinical samples. 31 For example, problem gamblers tend to have higher scores on the BIS-11, and BIS-11 scores can significantly discriminate problem gamblers and nongamblers. 32,33 The Cronbach's alpha coefficient in the current sample was 0.86.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Adolescents with Internet Addiction Prone to Aggressive Behavior? The Mediating Effect of Clinical Comorbidities on the Predictability of Aggression in Adolescents with Internet Addiction

Lim

Gwak

Park

et al. 2015

Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

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Previous studies have reported associations between aggression and Internet addiction disorder (IAD), which has also been linked with anxiety, depression, and impulsiveness. However, the causal relationship between aggression and IAD has thus far not been clearly demonstrated. This study was designed to (a) examine the association between aggression and IAD and (b) investigate the mediating effects of anxiety, depression, and impulsivity in cases in which IAD predicts aggression or aggression predicts IAD. A total of 714 middle school students in Seoul, South Korea, were asked to provide demographic information and complete the

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Adolescents with Internet Addiction Prone to Aggressive Behavior? The Mediating Effect of Clinical Comorbidities on the Predictability of Aggression in Adolescents with Internet Addiction

Lim

Gwak

Park

et al. 2015

Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

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show abstract

“…Impulsivity has also been shown to have strong biological underpinnings (Eysenck, 1993;Spinella, 2004;Zuckerman, 2003). For example, impulsivity is linked with decreased levels of serotonin (Harrison, Everitt, & Robbins, 1999) and specific patterns of activity in the prefrontal cortex (Spinella, 2004), and has been shown to be substantially heritable (Hur & Bouchard, 1997).…”

Section: A Portrait Of Impulsivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulsivity and the Self-Defeating Behavior of Narcissists

Vazire

Funder

2006

Pers Soc Psychol Rev

340

185

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Currently prominent models of narcissism (e.g., Morf & Rhodewalt, 2001) Narcissists are a puzzle. Their bragging and arrogance interferes with the attainment of the status and recognition they so poignantly desire. Why do they continually undermine themselves in this way? The research literature appears to have achieved some consensus about the nature of sub-clinical narcissism 1 with respect to underlying cognitive, social, and affective processes (e.g., Morf & Rhodewalt, 2001). The consensual model serves as a solid foundation for integrating narcissism research, and provides a partial explanation for narcissists' perplexing behavior, but it relies heavily on conscious cognitive processes and omits an important category of explanatory variables: dispositions. We shall argue that one possible key to the puzzle posed by narcissists' behavior is that they are dispositionally impulsive: They lack the self-control necessary to inhibit the behaviors that thwart the attainment of their goals.This article begins by proposing that the widely accepted cognitive-affective processing model presented by Morf and Rhodewalt (2001) be extended to include dispositional impulsivity. We then review the empirical evidence for our proposal by presenting a meta-analysis of the relationship between narcissism and impulsivity, including unpublished results from two large data sets. Although researchers have been tangentially aware of this relationship for decades, none have looked to impulsivity as a central explanation for narcissists' behavior. The final section of the article examines the implications of our proposal by reinterpreting major findings in the literature in light of the relationship between narcissism and impulsivity. By incorporating dispositional impulsivity into existing models of narcissism, our proposal seeks both to extend and to simplify the understanding of narcissism.

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“…5-HT neurons project from the dorsal raphé (DRN) to the PFC and there has been increasing evidence that dysfunctions in these neurons may underlie impulsive behavior and aggression (Grafman et al, 1996;Bechara et al, 2000;Brower and Price, 2001;Chudasama et al, 2003;Best et al, 2002;Spinella, 2004). For these reasons, presynaptic 5-HT 1B receptors located in this region might be important modulators of Alc-heightened aggression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escalated Aggression after Alcohol Drinking in Male Mice: Dorsal Raphé and Prefrontal Cortex Serotonin and 5-HT1B Receptors

Faccidomo

Bannai

Miczek

2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

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A significant minority of individuals engages in escalated levels of aggression after consuming moderate doses of alcohol (Alc). Neural modulation of escalated aggression involves altered levels of serotonin (5-HT) and the activity of 5-HT 1B receptors. The aim of these studies was to determine whether 5-HT 1B receptors in the dorsal raphé (DRN), orbitofrontal (OFC), and medial prefrontal (mPFC) cortex attenuate heightened aggression and regulate extracellular levels of 5-HT. Male mice were trained to self-administer Alc by performing an operant response that was reinforced with a delivery of 6% Alc. To identify Alc-heightened aggressors, each mouse was repeatedly tested for aggression after consuming either 1.0 g/kg Alc or H 2 O. Next, a cannula was implanted into either the DRN, OFC, or mPFC, and subsets of mice were tested for aggression after drinking either Alc or H 2 O prior to a microinjection of the 5-HT 1B agonist, CP-94,253. Additional mice were implanted with a microdialysis probe into the mPFC, through which CP-94,253 was perfused and samples were collected for 5-HT measurement. Approximately 60% of the mice were more aggressive after drinking Alc, confirming the aggression-heightening effects of 1.0 g/kg Alc. Infusion of 1 mg CP-94,253 into the DRN reduced both aggressive and motor behaviors. However, infusion of 1 mg CP-94,253 into the mPFC, but not the OFC, after Alc drinking, increased aggressive behavior. In the mPFC, reverse microdialysis of CP-94,253 increased extracellular levels of 5-HT; levels decreased immediately after the perfusion. This 5-HT increase was attenuated in self-administering mice. These results suggest that 5-HT 1B receptors in the mPFC may serve to selectively disinhibit aggressive behavior in mice with a history of Alc self-administration.

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Neurobehavioral Correlates of Impulsivity: Evidence of Prefrontal Involvement

Cited by 128 publications

References 34 publications

Are Adolescents with Internet Addiction Prone to Aggressive Behavior? The Mediating Effect of Clinical Comorbidities on the Predictability of Aggression in Adolescents with Internet Addiction

Are Adolescents with Internet Addiction Prone to Aggressive Behavior? The Mediating Effect of Clinical Comorbidities on the Predictability of Aggression in Adolescents with Internet Addiction

Impulsivity and the Self-Defeating Behavior of Narcissists

Escalated Aggression after Alcohol Drinking in Male Mice: Dorsal Raphé and Prefrontal Cortex Serotonin and 5-HT1B Receptors

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