Neurobehavioral continuity from fetus to neonate

Stanojević, Milan; Kurjak, Asım; Salihagič-Kadić, Aida; Vasilj, Oliver; Mišković, Berivoj; Shaddad, Afaf Naim; Ahmed, Badreldeen; Tomasović, Sanja

doi:10.1515/jpm.2011.004

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…They consist of complex, variable, flexion-extensions of the whole body and limbs, they are not triggered by external stimuli and lack distinctive sequencing of different body parts. In addition, human fetuses exhibit a rich repertoire of leg movements that includes single leg kicks, symmetrical double legs kicks, and symmetrical inter-limb alternation with variable phase [12,13]. Spontaneous movements of the limbs evolve toward an increased coordination between the arms and between the legs, at 2-4 months after birth [14 ].…”

Section: Prenatal Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of human locomotion

Lacquaniti¹,

Ivanenko²,

Zago³

2012

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

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Neural control of locomotion in human adults involves the generation of a small set of basic patterned commands directed to the leg muscles. The commands are generated sequentially in time during each step by neural networks located in the spinal cord, called Central Pattern Generators. This review outlines recent advances in understanding how motor commands are expressed at different stages of human development. Similar commands are found in several other vertebrates, indicating that locomotion development follows common principles of organization of the control networks. Movements show a high degree of flexibility at all stages of development, which is instrumental for learning and exploration of variable interactions with the environment

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Section: Prenatal Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of human locomotion

Lacquaniti¹,

Ivanenko²,

Zago³

2012

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

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“…Similarly to our findings, music has been observed to elicit TE in 4-week-old babies, 27 which could be related to this fetal behavior. 28,29 Certain spontaneous movements similar to the generation of vocals, including TE, have also been observed from week 18. 30 These movements would require the participation of primitive structures, such as those found in the brainstem (Figure 4), which contains nuclei and pathways involved in phonation and oral movements that might establish indirect synaptic connections with the auditory nuclei, already identifiable in the eighth week.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Fetal facial expression in response to intravaginal music emission

2015

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This study compared fetal response to musical stimuli applied intravaginally (intravaginal music [IVM]) with application via emitters placed on the mother’s abdomen (abdominal music [ABM]). Responses were quantified by recording facial movements identified on 3D/4D ultrasound. One hundred and six normal pregnancies between 14 and 39 weeks of gestation were randomized to 3D/4D ultrasound with: (a) ABM with standard headphones (flute monody at 98.6 dB); (b) IVM with a specially designed device emitting the same monody at 53.7 dB; or (c) intravaginal vibration (IVV; 125 Hz) at 68 dB with the same device. Facial movements were quantified at baseline, during stimulation, and for 5 minutes after stimulation was discontinued. In fetuses at a gestational age of >16 weeks, IVM-elicited mouthing (MT) and tongue expulsion (TE) in 86.7% and 46.6% of fetuses, respectively, with significant differences when compared with ABM and IVV (p = 0.002 and p = 0.004, respectively). There were no changes from baseline in ABM and IVV. TE occurred ≥5 times in 5 minutes in 13.3% with IVM. IVM was related with higher occurrence of MT (odds ratio = 10.980; 95% confidence interval = 3.105–47.546) and TE (odds ratio = 10.943; 95% confidence interval = 2.568–77.037). The frequency of TE with IVM increased significantly with gestational age (p = 0.024). Fetuses at 16–39 weeks of gestation respond to intravaginally emitted music with repetitive MT and TE movements not observed with ABM or IVV. Our findings suggest that neural pathways participating in the auditory–motor system are developed as early as gestational week 16. These findings might contribute to diagnostic methods for prenatal hearing screening, and research into fetal neurological stimulation.

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“…Long-term effects of unfavorable intrauterine environment have been extensively studied, and unconscious reactions to the pain and stress, such as the secretion of stress hormones and their effect are probably more dangerous for the development of the fetus than possible conscious experience and memory of pain. 38 There has been a significant number of published papers and studies (mainly by Croatian and Japanese group) [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] describing 4D US assessment of fetal behavior during prenatal development through different gestational stages. With the introduction of 4D US modes, we have the chance to present observations of fetal facial expressions of smiling, yawning, and swallowing, in real time.…”

Section: Behavioral Complexity Progresses During the Fetal Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Are We Ready to investigate Cognitive Function of Fetal Brain? The Role of Advanced Four-dimensional Sonography

Kurjak¹,

Barišić²,

Stanojević³

et al. 2016

Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Human brain is fascinating organ in so many ways. Some of its cognitive functions, such as ability to learn, memorize, think, percept different sensations, such as pain, to have emotion, process audiovisual inputs, and to coordinate reaction and movements have been subjects of studies for many years. Yet, till recently, we could only make assumptions about prenatal activities, interactions and its construction of complex structures in the time frame of antenatal life. With the prenatal assessment (sonoembryology, neurosonoembryology, KANET test, etc.) by latest advanced HDlive, Silhouette and Flow 3D/4D imaging there is possibility to follow in continuity normal structural and functional development from the early beginnings of "life" and on the other hand consider what might be different (not necessarily abnormal) and deviate from normal development and behavior. On this way, we are able to supplement knowledge of fundamental building blocks of development of fetal cognitive functions, to pay more attention and follow up fetuses at higher risk and finally find some of the possible origins of cognitive dysfunctions which may manifest in childhood or later in life. 82 With the introduction of different 3D/4D ultrasound modes we have ability to observe all of this in vivo while emerging, and make "time-lapse" of fetal neurodevelopment and behavior in correlation to its cognitive functional development.

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Neurobehavioral continuity from fetus to neonate

Cited by 44 publications

References 34 publications

Development of human locomotion

Development of human locomotion

Fetal facial expression in response to intravaginal music emission

Are We Ready to investigate Cognitive Function of Fetal Brain? The Role of Advanced Four-dimensional Sonography

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