Neurobehavioral and immunological effects of prenatal cocaine exposure in rat

Sobrian, Sonya K.; Burton, Laureen E.; Robinson, Nicole L.; Ashe, Warren K.; James, Hutchinson; Stokes, D. L.; Turner, L. M.

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(90)90299-w

Cited by 117 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In that study spontaneous locomotor activity before and after the first vehicle injection did not differ among prenatal treatment groups, similar to results previously reported by other laboratories (Sobrian et al, 1990), while cocaine-exposed mice demonstrated significantly impaired habituation of spontaneous activity following saline injection over three consecutive days. Our current data show that neither spontaneous pre-conditioning locomotor activity nor spontaneous locomotor activity after four days of saline conditioning differ among prenatal treatment groups, although in our procedure both pre-and post-test locomotion is measured without the acute stressor of vehicle injection or the acute effects of cocaine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prenatal exposure to cocaine alters the development of conditioned place-preference to cocaine in adult mice

Malanga

Pejchal

Kosofsky

2007

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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As addiction is increasingly formulated as a developmental disorder, identifying how early developmental exposures influence later responses to drugs of abuse is important to our understanding of substance abuse neurobiology. We have previously identified behavioral changes in adult mice following gestational exposure to cocaine that differ when assessed with methods employing contingent and non-contingent drug administration. We sought to clarify this distinction using a Pavlovian behavioral measure, conditioned place-preference. Adult mice exposed to cocaine in utero (40 or 20 mg/kg/day), vehicle and pair-fed controls were place-conditioned to either cocaine (5 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline injections. The development of conditioned place-preference to cocaine was impaired in mice exposed to cocaine in utero, and was abolished by fetal malnutrition. A context-specific place-aversion to vehicle but not cocaine injection was observed in prenatally cocaine-exposed mice. Locomotor behavior did not differ among prenatal treatment groups. We conclude that early developmental exposure to cocaine may diminish the subsequent rewarding effects of cocaine in adulthood measured with classical conditioning techniques, and that this is not due to changes in locomotor behavior. Sensitivity to acute stress is also altered by prenatal cocaine exposure, consistent with earlier findings in this model.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prenatal exposure to cocaine alters the development of conditioned place-preference to cocaine in adult mice

Malanga

Pejchal

Kosofsky

2007

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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“…That is, in the animal literature, attainment of developmental milestones such as walking and associational learning, items comparable to early MDI items, were relatively unaffected by prenatal cocaine exposure (Dow-Edwards, 1993;Riley & Foss, 1991). However, when more cognitively challenging measures were used requiring integration of behavior in learning and memory tasks, deficits have been found in cocaine-exposed animals (Sobrian et al, 1990;Spear, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive functioning in 8- to 18-month old drug-exposed infants.

Alessandri¹,

Bendersky²,

Lewis³

1998

Developmental Psychology

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This study examined the cognitive functioning in 236 infants at 8 and 18 months of age. Thirty-seven infants were heavily exposed to cocaine in-utero, 30 were lightly exposed, and 169 were not exposed to cocaine. Cognitive functioning was evaluated with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (2nd ed.; N. Bayley, 1993) at both ages. Infant information processing was also assessed with an infantcontrolled habituation procedure. Results indicated that (a) infants of cocaine-abusing women had higher neonatal medical and environmental risk scores; (b) at 8 months, exposure groups did not differ in Psychomotor Development Index, Mental Development Index (MDI) scores, or recovery to a novel stimulus; and (c) infants heavily exposed to cocaine or high environmental risk had a decrease in MDI scores from 8 to 18 months. These results were obtained when neonatal medical and environmental risk, as well as polydrug exposure, were controlled.In examining whether prenatal exposure to cocaine impairs later cognitive functioning, research on humans continues to provide equivocal results. The ambiguous nature of outcome findings is due to methodological problems typically associated with behavioral toxicology research. In studies in which researchers are attempting to find relations between prenatal cocaine and some aspect of postnatal development, researchers must contend with a host of methodological problems, including (a) the potential confounding effects of other substances of abuse and poor maternal health and nutrition, (b) sensitive and valid measurement of infant outcome behaviors, and (c) differential effects of the postnatal child-rearing environment (e.g.,

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“…Several chronic cocaine treatment studies [6,7,9,10,30] reported few or no significant effects of gestational cocaine treatment on most established maternal behaviors (except maternal aggression) following cessation of treatment. They also reported no significant increases in locomotor activity that could account for deficits in onset of maternal behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are been several reports concenring the effects of chronic gestational cocaine treatment on maternal behavior in rats, each of which employed different behavioral and dosing paradigms [6][7][8][9][10]. Despite the differences in methodology, the reports generally indicate that chronic gestational cocaine at doses of around 20-30 mg/kg and higher (depending on the route of administration) disrupts the onset of pup-directed maternal behavior in rats, but has relatively little effect on pup-directed maternal behaviors (other than maternal aggression) once they have become established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-Dependent Effects of Multiple Acute Cocaine Injections on Maternal Behavior and Aggression in Sprague-Dawley Rats

et al. 1998

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Rat dams, which had no prior drug treatment, were either nontreated controls or were injected subcutaneously 4 times during a 10-day period with a single dose of 30, 15 or 7.5 mg/kg of cocaine hydrochloride HCl, or normal saline. Injections were given immediately postpartum following delivery of their final pup (PPD 1), and again on postpartum day 3 (PPD 3), postpartum day 6 (PPD 6) and postpartum day 10 (PPD 10). Dams were observed 30 min following injections for maternal behavior (MB) towards 8 surrogate male pups on PPD 1 and PPD 3 and for aggression towards a male or female intruder in the presence of their litter on PPD 6 and PPD 10. Compared to saline and untreated controls, cocaine-treated dams exhibited more disruptions in MB on both PPD 1 and PPD 3 and were less aggressive towards an intruder, regardless of intruder sex, on PPD 6 and PPD 10. In most cases MB was altered in a dose-dependent manner with the higher doses of cocaine resulting in a greater disruption of behavior.

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Neurobehavioral and immunological effects of prenatal cocaine exposure in rat

Cited by 117 publications

References 63 publications

Prenatal exposure to cocaine alters the development of conditioned place-preference to cocaine in adult mice

Prenatal exposure to cocaine alters the development of conditioned place-preference to cocaine in adult mice

Cognitive functioning in 8- to 18-month old drug-exposed infants.

Dose-Dependent Effects of Multiple Acute Cocaine Injections on Maternal Behavior and Aggression in Sprague-Dawley Rats

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