Neuroanatomical Structure of the MCH System

Bittencourt, Jackson Cioni; Diniz, Giovanne B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75765-0_1

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…The melanin‐concentrating hormone (MCH) system is composed of several vertebrate genes, including Pmch , Mchr1 , and Mchr2 (as reviewed in Bittencourt & Diniz, ). The Pmch gene encodes a propeptide called the pre‐pro‐melanin‐concentrating hormone (ppMCH), which originates, in mammals, three neuropeptides: mature MCH, neuropeptide E‐I (NEI), and neuropeptide G‐E (NGE) (Nahon, Presse, Bittencourt, Sawchenko, & Vale, ; Vaughan, Fischer, Hoeger, Rivier, & Vale, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first mapping of the MCH system was performed by Bittencourt et al (), who described the distribution of Pmch expression and the immunoreactivity to MCH and NEI in male Sprague–Dawley rats. In the rat, the main site harboring MCH‐immunoreactive (MCH‐ir) neurons is the diencephalon, with neurons found in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), anterior hypothalamic area (AHA), posterior hypothalamic area (PHA), perifornical nucleus (PeF), and in the adjoining zona incerta (ZI) (Bittencourt et al, ; Bittencourt & Diniz, ). In the LHA, MCH neurons are intermingled with another neuropeptidergic population, the orexin neurons (Peyron et al, ; Swanson, Sanchez‐Watts, & Watts, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the LHA, MCH neurons are intermingled with another neuropeptidergic population, the orexin neurons (Peyron et al, ; Swanson, Sanchez‐Watts, & Watts, ). It was later described that a subgroup of ZI neurons are actually part of a hypothalamic structure, called the incerto‐hypothalamic area (IHy) (Bittencourt & Diniz, ; Sita, Elias, & Bittencourt, ). Outside the diencephalon, MCH neurons are found in discrete groups of weakly labeled neurons in the olfactory tubercle and the paramedian pontine reticular formation (Bittencourt et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melanin‐concentrating hormone peptidergic system: Comparative morphology between muroid species

Diniz

Battagello

Cherubini

et al. 2019

J of Comparative Neurology

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Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a conserved neuropeptide, predominantly located in the diencephalon of vertebrates, and associated with a wide range of functions. While functional studies have focused on the use of the traditional mouse laboratory model, critical gaps exist in our understanding of the morphology of the MCH system in this species. Even less is known about the nontraditional animal model Neotomodon alstoni (Mexican volcano mouse). A comparative morphological study among these rodents may, therefore, contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of the MCH peptidergic system. To this end, we employed diverse immunohistochemical protocols to identify key aspects of the MCH system, including its spatial relationship to another neurochemical population of the tuberal hypothalamus, the orexins. Three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions were also employed to convey a better sense of spatial distribution to these neurons. Our results show that the distribution of MCH neurons in all rodents studied follows a basic plan, but individual characteristics are found for each species, such as the preeminence of a periventricular group only in the rat, the lack of posterior groups in the mouse, and the extensive presence of MCH neurons in the anterior hypothalamic area of Neotomodon. Taken together, these data suggest a strong anatomical substrate for previously described functions of the MCH system, and that particular neurochemical

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Melanin‐concentrating hormone peptidergic system: Comparative morphology between muroid species

Diniz

Battagello

Cherubini

et al. 2019

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a ubiquitous vertebrate neuropeptide, synthesized predominantly by neurons of the diencephalon and, in particular, of the lateral hypothalamic area (Bittencourt & Diniz 2018;Bittencourt et al 1992). The MCH neuropeptidergic system has been involved in several physiological roles, including the integration and promotion of motivated behaviors (Diniz & Bittencourt 2017), modulation of energy expenditure (Qu et al 1996;Chee et al 2019), sleep (Ferreira et al 2017a;Gao 2018), ventricular homeostasis (Conductier et al 2013b;Conductier et al 2013a), and autonomic function modulation (Brown et al 2007;Messina & Overton 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to MCH, neuropeptide E-I (NEI) and neuropeptide G-E (NGE) are cleaved by prohormone convertases and may have biological activities that are independent of MCH (Bittencourt & Celis 2008). This system is also composed by two receptors that bind with specificity to MCH, called MCH receptor 1 (MCHR1) and receptor 2 (MCHR2) (reviewed in Presse et al (2014) and Bittencourt and Diniz (2018)). While MCHR1 is present in a wide range of vertebrates, MCHR2 has been lost after the divergence of the Glires clade, what resulted in the loss of a working MCHR2 receptor in rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, rats and mice (Tan et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of neuronal primary cilia immunoreactive to melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) in the murine prosencephalon

Diniz¹,

Battagello²,

Bono

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a ubiquitous vertebrate neuropeptide predominantly synthesized by neurons of the diencephalon that can act through two G protein-coupled receptors, called MCHR1 and MCHR2. The expression of Mchr1 has been investigated in both rats and mice, but its synthesis remains poorly described. After identifying an antibody that detects MCHR1 with high specificity, we employed immunohistochemistry to map the distribution of MCHR1 in the CNS of rats and mice. Multiple neurochemical markers were also employed to characterize some of the neuronal populations that synthesize MCHR1. Our results show that MCHR1 is abundantly found in a sensory subcellular structure called the neuronal primary cilium, which has been associated with the detection of free neurochemical agents released to act through volume transmission. Ciliary MCHR1 was found in a wide range of areas, including the olfactory bulb, cortical mantle, striatum, hippocampal formation, amygdala, midline thalamic nuclei, periventricular hypothalamic nuclei, and midbrain areas. No differences were observed between male and female mice, and rats and mice diverged in two key areas: the caudate-putamen nucleus and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. Ciliary MCHR1 was found in close association to several neurochemical markers, including tyrosine hydroxylase, calretinin, kisspeptin, estrogen receptor, oxytocin, vasopressin, and corticotropinreleasing factor. Given the role of neuronal primary cilia in sensing free neurochemical messengers in the extracellular fluid, the widespread distribution of ciliary MCHR1, and the diverse neurochemical populations who synthesize MCHR1, our data indicates that volume transmission may play a prominent role in the normal function of the MCH system. Diniz et al, 2019 Ciliary MCHR1 in murines 3

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Ciliary melanin‐concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) is widely distributed in the murine CNS in a sex‐independent manner

Diniz

Battagello

Klein

et al. 2020

J of Neuroscience Research

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Melanin‐concentrating hormone (MCH) is a ubiquitous vertebrate neuropeptide predominantly synthesized by neurons of the diencephalon that can act through two G protein‐coupled receptors, called MCHR1 and MCHR2. The expression of Mchr1 has been investigated in both rats and mice, but its synthesis remains poorly described. After identifying an antibody that detects MCHR1 with high specificity, we employed immunohistochemistry to map the distribution of MCHR1 in the CNS of rats and mice. Multiple neurochemical markers were also employed to characterize some of the neuronal populations that synthesize MCHR1. Our results show that MCHR1 is abundantly found in a subcellular structure called the primary cilium, which has been associated, among other functions, with the detection of free neurochemical messengers present in the extracellular space. Ciliary MCHR1 was found in a wide range of areas, including the olfactory bulb, cortical mantle, striatum, hippocampal formation, amygdala, midline thalamic nuclei, periventricular hypothalamic nuclei, midbrain areas, and in the spinal cord. No differences were observed between male and female mice, and interspecies differences were found in the caudate‐putamen nucleus and the subgranular zone. Ciliary MCHR1 was found in close association with several neurochemical markers, including tyrosine hydroxylase, calretinin, kisspeptin, estrogen receptor, oxytocin, vasopressin, and corticotropin‐releasing factor. Given the role of neuronal primary cilia in sensing free neurochemical messengers in the extracellular fluid, the widespread distribution of ciliary MCHR1, and the diverse neurochemical populations who synthesize MCHR1, our data indicate that nonsynaptic communication plays a prominent role in the normal function of the MCH system.

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Neuroanatomical Structure of the MCH System

Cited by 10 publications

References 107 publications

Melanin‐concentrating hormone peptidergic system: Comparative morphology between muroid species

Melanin‐concentrating hormone peptidergic system: Comparative morphology between muroid species

The distribution of neuronal primary cilia immunoreactive to melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) in the murine prosencephalon

Ciliary melanin‐concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) is widely distributed in the murine CNS in a sex‐independent manner

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