NeuroAiD: Properties for Neuroprotection and Neurorepair

Abstract

Background: Treatments for stroke and other brain injuries are limited. NeuroAiD has been shown to be beneficial in clinical studies. We reviewed the pharmacological effects of NeuroAiD on the normal and ischemic brain and neurons. Methods: In vivo and in vitro experiments using mouse model of stroke (focal ischemia), rat model of cardiac arrest (global ischemia) and cortical neurons in culture were reviewed and summarized. Results: NeuroAiD improved survival, attenuated infarct size, improved functional recovery in the model of focal ischemia, and protected neurons against glutamate-induced injury. Furthermore, it enhanced cognitive recovery by reducing hippocampal CA1 cell degeneration, DNA fragmentation, Bax expression and ma-londialdehyde release in the model of global ischemia. Ac-tivation of the Akt survival pathway and opening of K_ATP channels may contribute to the neuroprotective properties of NeuroAiD. NeuroAiD increased BDNF expression and induced proliferation of cells which differentiate and mature into neurons. It enhanced rosette formation of human embryonic stem cells. NeuroAiD-treated embryonic cortical neurons developed into neurons with longer neurites, denser outgrowths and networks, and more synaptic release sites. Conclusions: NeuroAiD demonstrated both neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties in rodent models of focal and global ischemia and in cortical cell cultures. These properties would be important for developing a treatment strategy in reducing the long-term disability of stroke, cardiac arrest and other brain injuries.

MLC901 Favors Angiogenesis and Associated Recovery after Ischemic Stroke in Mice

“…These beneficial effects are also confirmed by the pole test. These data are in line with previous preclinical studies indicating beneficial effects of MLC901 on both the rate of recovery and on the functional outcome in different rodent models of ischemia and traumatic brain injury [9,[24][25][26] .…”

“…MLC601 (NeuroAiD TM ) and MLC901 (NeuroAiD TM II) originated from Traditional Chinese Medicine have been demonstrated to have both neuroprotective and neurorestorative properties in preclinical models of stroke, global cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury [9] . Originally containing 9 herbal extracts and 5 non-herbal components in capsules, MLC601 was simplified to MLC901, which contains only the herbal extracts.…”

“…MLC601 and MLC901 have been reported to display multiple effects in impeding the ischemic cascade propagating from the core to the penumbra as well as in stimulating proliferation and differentiation of new neural cells to repair. Activation of the Akt survival pathway and opening of K ATP channels are important steps in the neuroprotective properties of MLC901 [9] . The ability of MLC901 to promote neurogenesis, neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis coupled to BDNF stimulation is a strong argument for a positive effect of MLC901 on brain plasticity and restorative processes after stroke [9] .…”

“…Activation of the Akt survival pathway and opening of K ATP channels are important steps in the neuroprotective properties of MLC901 [9] . The ability of MLC901 to promote neurogenesis, neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis coupled to BDNF stimulation is a strong argument for a positive effect of MLC901 on brain plasticity and restorative processes after stroke [9] .…”

Prognostic Factors and Pattern of Long-Term Recovery with MLC601 (NeuroAiD™) in the Chinese Medicine NeuroAiD Efficacy on Stroke Recovery - Extension Study

“…MLC601 has shown neurorestorative and neuroprotective properties in cellular and animal models [4,5]. As neurorestorative processes require time, it is expected that clinical benefits would gradually accrue and appear only after a longer period of observation following treatment initiation.…”