Abstract:Acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning causes neurotoxicity through induction of necrosis, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Resveratrol (RES) is a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin that exhibits neuroprotective effects in ischemia/reperfusion due to its anti-apoptotic, anti-necrotic and strong anti-oxidant properties as well as its ability to activate pro-survival pathways. In this study, rats were exposed to CO 3000 ppm for 1 h. Immediately after poisoning and on the next four consecutive days… Show more
“…On the other hand, resveratrol (RSV; 3,5,4′-Trihydroxystilbene), a natural phytoalexin extracted from the root of veratrum grandiflorum, was widely found in a diversity of plants such as grape, peanut, hellebore and so on. Further, reports have shown that RSV had multiple pharmacological properties including antioxidant [ 17 ], anti-inflammation [ 18 ], anti-necrosis [ 19 ], anti-proliferation [ 20 ] and anti-cancer [ 21 ]. Moreover, accumulating evidence has indicated bone-protective effects of RSV.…”
BackgroundResveratrol (RSV) has been reported to stimulate osteoblast differentiation in which Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway played a crucial role. However, whether and how RSV activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway in osteogenic differentiation still remained elusive.MethodsIn vivo polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particle-induced osteolysis (PIO) mouse model and in vitro PMMA particle-stimulated mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) experiments were established. Relative expression levels of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1, β-catenin, Runx2, Osterix and osteocalcin were determined using quantitative Real-Time PCR. Western blotting was used to measure β-catenin protein expression. In addition, the alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral deposition level using alizarin red S staining were performed to examine osteogenic differentiation status. The interaction between KCNQ1OT1 and β-catenin was confirmed by RNA pull down assay.ResultsRSV significantly attenuated PIO in vivo and PMMA-particle inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of mMSCs. Moreover, KCNQ1OT1 exerted the similar function in mMSCs by regulating β-catenin. Further study demonstrated that RSV exerted its effect on osteoblastic differentiation by regulating KCNQ1OT1. Consequently, RSV alleviated PMMA-particle inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation via Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionRSV accelerated osteoblast differentiation by regulating lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 via Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation, indicating the functional role of RSV in modulating osteogenesis.
“…On the other hand, resveratrol (RSV; 3,5,4′-Trihydroxystilbene), a natural phytoalexin extracted from the root of veratrum grandiflorum, was widely found in a diversity of plants such as grape, peanut, hellebore and so on. Further, reports have shown that RSV had multiple pharmacological properties including antioxidant [ 17 ], anti-inflammation [ 18 ], anti-necrosis [ 19 ], anti-proliferation [ 20 ] and anti-cancer [ 21 ]. Moreover, accumulating evidence has indicated bone-protective effects of RSV.…”
BackgroundResveratrol (RSV) has been reported to stimulate osteoblast differentiation in which Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway played a crucial role. However, whether and how RSV activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway in osteogenic differentiation still remained elusive.MethodsIn vivo polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particle-induced osteolysis (PIO) mouse model and in vitro PMMA particle-stimulated mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) experiments were established. Relative expression levels of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1, β-catenin, Runx2, Osterix and osteocalcin were determined using quantitative Real-Time PCR. Western blotting was used to measure β-catenin protein expression. In addition, the alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral deposition level using alizarin red S staining were performed to examine osteogenic differentiation status. The interaction between KCNQ1OT1 and β-catenin was confirmed by RNA pull down assay.ResultsRSV significantly attenuated PIO in vivo and PMMA-particle inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of mMSCs. Moreover, KCNQ1OT1 exerted the similar function in mMSCs by regulating β-catenin. Further study demonstrated that RSV exerted its effect on osteoblastic differentiation by regulating KCNQ1OT1. Consequently, RSV alleviated PMMA-particle inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation via Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionRSV accelerated osteoblast differentiation by regulating lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 via Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation, indicating the functional role of RSV in modulating osteogenesis.
“…Carbon monoxide (CO) is a toxic gas produced by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels (1,2). It is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide with no specific antidote.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Activated Akt influences a number of factors involved in apoptosis, either by transcription regulation or direct phosphorylation, yielding favorable effects against ischemia-induced apoptosis. Thus, chemicals capable of inducing Akt expression/activity may be used in the treatment of I/R injury (2,32–35).…”
Carbon monoxide (CO) has been shown to induce several cardiovascular abnormalities, as well as necrosis, apoptosis and oxidative stress in the brain. Magnesium sulfate (MS) has been shown to have beneficial activities against hypoxia in the brain. In the present study, the possible protective effects of MS against CO-induced cerebral ischemia were investigated. For this purpose, 25 male Wistar rats were exposed to 3,000 ppm CO for 1 h. The animals were divided into 5 groups (n=5 in each group) as follows: The negative control group (not exposed to CO), the positive control group (CO exposed and treated with normal saline), and 3 groups of CO-exposed rats treated with MS (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg/day) administered intraperitoneally for 5 consecutive days. On the 5th day, the animals were sacrificed and the brains were harvested for the evaluation of necrosis, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Histopathological evaluation revealed that MS reduced the number and intensity of necrotic insults. The Bax/Bcl2 ratio and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner in the MS-treated rats compared to the positive control group, while a significant dose-dependent increase in Akt expression, a pro-survival protein, was observed. In addition, MS administration reduced pro-apoptotic indice levels, ameliorated histological insults, favorably modulated oxidative status and increased Akt expression levels, indicating a possible neuroprotective effect in the case of CO poisoning. On the whole, the findings of this study indicate that MS may prove to be useful in protecting against CO-induced cerebral injury.
“…[4] Natural products are receiving growing attention from the research community due to their phytochemical, biological and pharmacological properties. [5] Umbelliprenin (UMB) is a 7-farnesyloxycoumarin found mainly in Genera Ferula, Peucedanum, Seseli, Magydaris and Ammi. UMB was isolated from the roots of Ferula szowitsiana DC, a plant with analgesic activity as recommended by the Iranian traditional medicine, [6] while it is believed to contribute to the analgesic action of F. szowitsiana.…”
Objectives Umbelliprenin (UMB) is a prenylated coumarin that acts as an in vitro antioxidant and inhibits lipoxygenase managing the inflammation pathways, while in vivo it exerts anti-inflammatory activities. Methods In this study, neuropathic pain was induced by four intraperitoneal doses of 2 mg/kg per day of paclitaxel (PTX) on days 1, 3, 5 and 7. Here, 49 male mice were randomly divided in the following groups: sham (not treated animals), negative control (PTX-treated receiving normal saline), single-dose UMB 6.25, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg groups (PTX-treated receiving UMB 6.25, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg, respectively), prevention (PTX-treated receiving PTX along with UMB 12.5 mg/ kg on days 1, 3, 5 and 7) and positive control group (PTX-treated receiving imipramine 10 mg/kg as acute treatment). Hot-plate test was done to assess response to heat. Finally, interleukin (IL)-6 levels in the sciatic nerve and lipid peroxidation in sera were assessed. Key findings Umbelliprenin was found equally effective for acute treatment with imipramine, when comparing the prevention group and the positive control group. Single, 25 mg/kg UMB effectively attenuated hyperalgesia, lipid peroxidation and IL-6 levels. Conclusions Umbelliprenin alleviated neuropathic pain, and decreased serum IL-6 levels and oxidative stress. UMB deserves further investigations, especially in clinical settings.
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