Neuro-biochemical changes induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles

Abstract

Nanoparticles are now widely used in various aspects of life, especially zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnNPs) that used in mouth washing, cosmetics, sunscreens, toothpaste and root canal flings. This research aims to determine the impact of ZnNPs on healthy mice's brain tissue. ZnNPs have caused major changes in the brain monoamines (dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin) and ions such as Ca 2+ , Na + , K + and Zn 2+ . Concerning the histological picture, administration of ZnNPs caused some histopathological impairment in brain tissue. In addition, ZnNPs reduced the level of glutathione and catalase in brain tissue, although an increase in the level of nitrite / nitrate and ROS was observed, while the level of malondialdhyde was not significantly altered. Moreover, ZnNPs induced DNA fragmentation in brain of mice. Collectively, the obtained results revealed that ZnNPs affected the brain levels of investigated monamines, ions, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants thus they may have potential influence on central nervous system.

Protective Effect of Natural Antioxidant, Curcumin Nanoparticles, and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles against Type 2 Diabetes-Promoted Hippocampal Neurotoxicity in Rats

“…Moreover, our data for diabetic rats demonstrated that treatment with ZnONP efficiently restored GPx, SOD, and CAT activities by increasing the biosynthesis of GSH or reducing oxidative stress [62][63][64]. Conversely, as mentioned before, the intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg ZnONP had no significant effect on the levels of CAT, SOD, and GSH in the brain, while treatment with ZnONP at a high dose decreased brain GSH and SOD and increased brain MDA levels [65].…”

Cytotoxicity of Metal‐Based Nanoparticles: From Mechanisms and Methods of Evaluation to Pathological Manifestations

“…Using this approach, Dkhil et al found that ZnO NPs induced perineural vascularization and vascular congestion ( Figure a,b). [ 176 ] TiO 2 NPs could also be translocated and accumulated in the brain, leading to oxidative stress, over‐proliferation of glial cells, tissue necrosis, and hippocampal cell apoptosis (Figure 7c–f). [ 177 ]…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 176 ] Copyright 2020, Elsevier. c–f) Ultrastructure of hippocampal cell of mice caused by nasal administration of TiO 2 NPs for 90 consecutive days.…”

“…Using this approach, Dkhil et al found that ZnO NPs induced perineural vascularization and vascular congestion (Figure 7a,b). [176] TiO 2 NPs could also be translocated and accumulated in the brain, leading to oxidative stress, over-proliferation of glial cells, tissue necrosis, and hippocampal cell apoptosis (Figure 7c-f). [177] Neurotransmitters are specific chemicals that can transmit information between the synapses of neurons, and metal-based NPs can alter neurotransmitter secretion levels.…”

“…Histological images of mice brain of a) the control group and tissue after treating with b) ZnO NPs. Reproduced with permission [176]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier.…”